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논문 기본 정보
- 자료유형
- 학술저널
- 저자정보
- 발행연도
- 2005.6
- 수록면
- 57 - 85 (32page)
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초록· 키워드
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In the 140th year of history of Russian Koreans(Koryoin) deportation to Central Asia, the year 1937 is an important turning point. Because most Russian Korean communities of the present are founded by the 2nd emigration of Central Asian Koreans from the middle of the 1950. And their successful resettlement in Central Asian countries made possible the emigration to Russia of their next generations.
Many visual materials on their successful resettlement were found in the Movie & Photo archives of Kazakhstan. These materials were made by Kazak State Film from the 1940. From the 1940-60, these films were related with the agricultural sector. These materials show leading collective farms(Kolhoz or Sovhoz) which achieved excellent results and important figures of these Korean collective farms.
After the 1960, visual materials on famous ethnic Korean figures in non agricultural sectors(e.g. industry, sports and cultural field) began be produced. During the last period of the Soviet Union, nationalism shocked and shattered the socialistic community. Reflecting the nationalistic mood of those days an ethnic Korean organization was established and ethno-nationalistic issues which had been strictly prohibited could be discussed. In the year 1990 a documentary film on a Korean family's life in a Soviet labor camp during the Second World War was made by an ethnic Korean movie director and producer in Kazakhstan.
Leading figures of Kazakhstani Koreans(Koryoin) actively participated in the activities of national organizations like the ethnic Korean news paper 'Lenin Kichi, ethnic Korean Theater, Weekly Korean Radio, and the Korean TV program 'Wu-ri-Min-Jok.' After deportation, these organizations played an important role to keep and deliver the traditional culture of ethnic Koreans, and each organization cooperated each other. For example many actors of Korean Theater, who could speak Korean fluently and actively joined in the Weekly Korean Radio. Some directors of Korean Theater also produced radio program. Some Journalists of Lenin Kichi and Korean Radio were famous writers, directors, and translators of Korean Theater. After the 1980 these Korean organizations faced some difficulties. With decreasing Korean speakers among the youth Korean group, recruiting new journalists and actors who had good command in Korean was hard. Salaries of these organizations could not guarantee a normal living standard. So young Koreans who could fluently speak Korean work in Korean companies or Korean church, not in their national organizations.
In this situation Koryo Ilbo(ex-Lenin Kichi) changed the main language of the newspaper from the beginning of 1990. Lenin Kichi had just Korean, but after 1990 Koryo Ilbo issued mainly Russian and minor Korean editions. Korean Theater decreased performances of Korean-language dramas, for the lack of Korean speaking young actors. Weekly Korean Radio also broadcasted in Russian one time per month, Korean TV program "Woo-Ri-Min-Jok" has twenty minutes broadcasting per week. But most programs and interviews have been broadcasted in Russian, contrasting those German & Yigur national programs that were fully broadcasted in their native languages.
Many valuable broadcasting materials for Koreans from the middle of the 1980s to the middle of 1995 disappeared in the transitional period of Kazakhstan. And duplication of some of these materials made after 1995 under the control of Kazak National Broadcasting Company were so expensive. These visual materials show characters of contemporary ethnic Korean communities of Kazakhstan and can be clues to understand cultural change in Kazakhstani Koreans.
Many visual materials on their successful resettlement were found in the Movie & Photo archives of Kazakhstan. These materials were made by Kazak State Film from the 1940. From the 1940-60, these films were related with the agricultural sector. These materials show leading collective farms(Kolhoz or Sovhoz) which achieved excellent results and important figures of these Korean collective farms.
After the 1960, visual materials on famous ethnic Korean figures in non agricultural sectors(e.g. industry, sports and cultural field) began be produced. During the last period of the Soviet Union, nationalism shocked and shattered the socialistic community. Reflecting the nationalistic mood of those days an ethnic Korean organization was established and ethno-nationalistic issues which had been strictly prohibited could be discussed. In the year 1990 a documentary film on a Korean family's life in a Soviet labor camp during the Second World War was made by an ethnic Korean movie director and producer in Kazakhstan.
Leading figures of Kazakhstani Koreans(Koryoin) actively participated in the activities of national organizations like the ethnic Korean news paper 'Lenin Kichi, ethnic Korean Theater, Weekly Korean Radio, and the Korean TV program 'Wu-ri-Min-Jok.' After deportation, these organizations played an important role to keep and deliver the traditional culture of ethnic Koreans, and each organization cooperated each other. For example many actors of Korean Theater, who could speak Korean fluently and actively joined in the Weekly Korean Radio. Some directors of Korean Theater also produced radio program. Some Journalists of Lenin Kichi and Korean Radio were famous writers, directors, and translators of Korean Theater. After the 1980 these Korean organizations faced some difficulties. With decreasing Korean speakers among the youth Korean group, recruiting new journalists and actors who had good command in Korean was hard. Salaries of these organizations could not guarantee a normal living standard. So young Koreans who could fluently speak Korean work in Korean companies or Korean church, not in their national organizations.
In this situation Koryo Ilbo(ex-Lenin Kichi) changed the main language of the newspaper from the beginning of 1990. Lenin Kichi had just Korean, but after 1990 Koryo Ilbo issued mainly Russian and minor Korean editions. Korean Theater decreased performances of Korean-language dramas, for the lack of Korean speaking young actors. Weekly Korean Radio also broadcasted in Russian one time per month, Korean TV program "Woo-Ri-Min-Jok" has twenty minutes broadcasting per week. But most programs and interviews have been broadcasted in Russian, contrasting those German & Yigur national programs that were fully broadcasted in their native languages.
Many valuable broadcasting materials for Koreans from the middle of the 1980s to the middle of 1995 disappeared in the transitional period of Kazakhstan. And duplication of some of these materials made after 1995 under the control of Kazak National Broadcasting Company were so expensive. These visual materials show characters of contemporary ethnic Korean communities of Kazakhstan and can be clues to understand cultural change in Kazakhstani Koreans.
목차
Ⅰ. 서론
Ⅱ. 카작스탄 고려인 사회의 주요인사
Ⅲ. 주요 민족문화기관들의 활동
Ⅳ. 결론
참고문헌
English Abstract
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