변혁적 리더십과 카리스마리더십의 긍정적 연구결과들에도 불구하고 두 이론들의 혁신에 대한 현실적 한계, 또는 문제점들이 제시되고 있다. 이에 대한 대안으로 비전보다는 실질적 문제를 중심으로 추종자를 리드하여 혁신에 공헌하는 이슈리더십에 본 연구는 주목하였다. 이슈리더십은 2000년 발표된 후 많은 실증결과가 쌓였지만 호텔과 같은 서비스산업의 관리자들만을 대상으로 소수의 연구 결과만이 발표되었으며, 또한 다중초점으로의 접근은 전무한 실정이다. 이러한 특징을 반영하여, 본 연구에서는 이슈리더십을 다중초점으로 접근하여 리더 특성과 조직효과성의 관계를 규명하고자 하였다. 구체적으로 첫째, 이슈리더십 하위개념(이슈창안, 오디언스몰입, 이슈실행)의 발현을 촉진하는 리더 특성(주도성, 사회적 기술, 성취추구)과 이슈리더십 하위개념들이 조직효과성(창의적 행동, 이슈 도움행동, 직무성과)에 대한 영향력을 다중초점으로 살펴보았다. 둘째, 다중초점으로 접근하여 리더 특성과 조직효과성의 관계에서 이슈리더십의 매개과정을 규명하고자 하였다. 연구대상은 서울특별시와 제주특별자치도에 소재하고 있는 11개 5성급 대형 호텔 종사자로부터 자료를 수집하였다. 자료수집은 동일방법편의로 인한 연구결과 편의 가능성을 최소화하기 위해 자료수집 과정에서 이를 반영하여 응답원천분리방법을 활용하였다. 이를 위해, 설문지는 쌍으로 구성되었으며, 팀장과 팀원으로부터 측정된 330쌍의 자료를 분석에 활용하였다. 분석결과, 리더 특성(주도성, 사회적 기술, 성취추구) 각각은 이슈리더십 하위개념(이슈창안, 오디언스몰입, 이슈실행)을 촉진하는 원인으로 확인되었고, 이슈리더십 하위개념(이슈창안, 오디언스몰입, 이슈실행)은 조직효과성(창의적 행동, 이슈 도움행동, 직무성과) 각각에 대한 긍정적인 영향력이 확인되었다. 이슈리더십의 매개효과에서는 모든 경로에서 부분매개 효과가 있는 것으로 규명되었다. 본 연구의 이러한 결과는 리더십 연구에 의미 있는 시사점을 제공하고 있다. 특히, 다차원으로 구성된 리더십 개념들의 접근에 있어 다중초점 접근의 필요성을 제안하고 있다. 즉 다차원 개념인 이슈리더십의 경우 후속연구에서는 이를 반영한 접근의 필요성을 제안하고 있고, 다차원 개념으로 구성된 기존 리더십 개념의 경우에도 본 연구에서 제안하는 접근방법을 활용하여 기존연구와 차별화된 연구를 수행할 필요성이 있다. 또한 본 연구의 주요대상인 호텔업종에 있어 이슈리더십의 유효성을 보여주고 있다.
Transformational leadership and Charismatic leadership have demonstrated positive effects to followers and organizations in previous studies, however both theories have shown a few shortcomings such as a practical utilization for innovation and others. Authors focused on issue leadership as an alternative which lead to followers on the basis of practical issue. In addition, even though issue leadership which is in the edge of researchers interest recently has published a lot of empirical studies in leadership area, a few studies that targeted on middle managers in hotel and service industry have found in literature review and few study in the perspective of multi-foci. With consideration of this research trend, the present study with multi-foci approach of issue leadership was aimed to explore effects in the links between leader traits and organizational effectiveness. Specifically, the authors suggested the following three major points. First, the roles of leader traits which consisted of proactive personality, social skill and achievement striving were studied to multi-foci issue leadership (issue creation, audience involvement, issue implementation). Second, the impacts of issue leadership (issue creation, audience involvement, issue implementation) were verified to organizational effectiveness (creative behavior, issue helping behavior, job performance) with the multi-foci perspective. Third, mediating mechanisms by multi-foci issue leadership were demonstrated in the links between leader traits (proactive personality, social skill and achievement striving) and organizational effectiveness (creative behavior, issue helping behavior, job performance) in all path respectively. In order to investigate the hypothesized model, the date was based on off-line survey which set a pair measured by a leader and by a follower each in order to minimize common method bias. The research target that have worked at hotel and service industry located in Seoul and Jeju island was 400 of pairs. However 366 of pairs questionnaires were collected, the completed validated data was 330 of pairs. It was applied for the analysis. In the process of data collection, leaders were clearly marked with team leader or managers to get rid of illusion between team leaders and superiors. Considering the primary purposes of the present research, the procedure of analysis was conducted with SPSS package and Process Macro which is utilized in multiple mediation analysis and is enable to support the significance of indirect effects by bootstrapping. The results are follows. First, leader traits (proactive personality, social skill and achievement striving) were positively related to subconcept of issue leadership (issue creation, audience involvement, and issue implementation) in each path respectively. Second, all impacts of issue leadership (issue creation, audience involvement, and issue implementation) to organizational effectiveness (creative behavior, issue helping behavior, and job performance) with multi-foci path were statistically significant as we expected. Third, mediating effects in each mechanism through multi-foci issue leadership (issue creation, audience involvement, issue implementation) were significantly mediated in the links between leader traits (proactive personality, social skill and achievement striving) and organizational effectiveness (creative behavior, issue helping behavior, and job performance) in all mechanism. These empirical results advance to understand importance for a type of leader traits that facilitate a subconcept of issue leadership. In addition, the discriminative roles of issue leadership constructs to organizational effectiveness were found. It contributes to expand research area of issue leadership. The mediating mechanisms by issue leadership in the multi-foci approach were suggesting for a new approach in leadership studies composed of multiple subconcept. Moreover, this paper suggested new effective leadership style in hotel and service industry.