목 적:제주도 서귀포시 지역에 거주하는 학동전기 소아와 초ㆍ중ㆍ고등학교 재학생 전체를 대상으로 소아 알레르기질환의 유병률을 조사하고자 하였다.
방 법:2008년 11월에 제주도 서귀포시 208개 보육 및 교육기관에 등록되어 있는 29,606명 전수를 대상으로 설문조사를 시행하였다. 학동전기 소아와 초등학생은 보호자가 응답하였으며, 중학생과 고등학생은 학생이 응답하도록 하였다. 설문지 회수율은 85.5%이었으며, 답변이 미비한 설문지를 제외한 25,024부를 최종 분석 대상자로 하였다.
결 과:학동전기 소아, 초등학생, 중학생, 고등학생들의 “최근 천식 증상 유병률(wheeze, last 12 months)”은 7.9%로 각각 15.4%, 6.4%, 5.3%, 5.8%, “최근 알레르기비염 증상 유병률(allergic rhinitis, last 12 months)”은 29.7%이었으며, 각각 23.9%, 30.0%, 31.4%, 34.2%이었다. “최근 아토피피부염 증상 유병률(itchy eczema, last 12 months)”은 15.7%이었으며, 각각 19.0%, 17.4%, 12.3%, 11.4%, “최근 알레르기결막염 증상 유병률(allergic conjunctivitis, last 12 months)”은 15.0%이었으며, 각각 8.5%, 12.3%, 20.3%, 23.4%이었다. “최근 식품 알레르기 증상 유병률(food allergy, last 12 months)”은 4.6%이었으며, 각각 5.4%, 4.2%, 4.2%, 5.1%, “최근 약물 알레르기 증상 유병률(drug allergy, last 12 months)”은 0.5%이었으며, 각각 0.7%, 0.3%, 0.6%, 0.8%이었다.
결 론:제주 서귀포 지역 소아의 천식 및 아토피피부염 유병률은 연령군에 따라 감소하였고, 알레르기비염 및 알레르기결막염은 연령군에 따라 증가하였다. 식품 알레르기와 약물 알레르기의 유병률은 연령군에 따른 차이를 보이지 않았다.
Purpose:We investigated the prevalence of allergic diseases in preschoolers and children attending elementary, middle and high schools in Seogwipo city, Jeju, South Korea.
Methods:A cross-sectional survey in November 2008 was conducted, using questionnaires, translated in Korean, from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood group. All the attendees, 29,606, in 136 nurseries and kindergartens, 47 elementary schools, 15 middle schools and 10 high schools in Seogwipo city were surveyed in this study.
Results:Of the 25,312 (85.5%) questionnaires retrieved, 25,024 were appropriately completed and analyzed. For asthma, the prevalence of "wheeze, last 12 months" was 15.4% for the preschool children, 6.4% for the elementary school students, 5.3% for the middle school students and 5.8% for the high school students. The prevalence of "allergic rhinitis, last 12 months" was 23.9%, 30.0%, 31.4% and 34.2%, respectively. The prevalence of "atopic dermatitis, last 12 months" was 19.0%, 17.4%, 12.3% and 11.4%, respectively. The prevalence of "allergic conjunctivitis, last 12 months" was 8.5%, 12.3%, 20.3% and 23.4%, respectively. The prevalence of "food allergy, last 12 months" was 5.4%, 4.2%, 4.2% and 5.1%, respectively. The prevalence of "drug allergy, last 12 months" was 0.7%, 0.3%, 0.6%, and 0.8% for each group.
Conclusion:In Seogwipo city, the prevalence of asthma and atopic dermatitis decreases with age. However, allergic rhinitis and allergic conjunctivitis are increasing by age. The prevalence of food allergy and drug allergy showed no difference by age.