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자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
저널정보
한국제임스조이스학회 제임스조이스 저널 제임스조이스 저널 제21권 제1호
발행연도
2015.1
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25 - 48 (24page)

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James Joyce pays a close attention to the development of optical devices, photography and film techniques, which must have had a great influence on his novelistic styles. The emergence of photography seemed to challenge the verisimilitude of realistic paintings and novels, but Joyce recognizes that photography rather contributed to the expansion of pornography. So by tracing the visual effects produced by optical devices, photography, pre-cinema inventions, and early cinematography, Joyce poses a problematics of representation that must have been challenged and transformed by early modernist artists and novelists. In Ulysses, Joyce brings up Bloom’s daughter, Milly, working in the photography business, by making Stephen refer to her as a “photo girl.” Bloom’s hereditary predilection for photography is related to his father’s interest in daguerreotype, an earlier form of photography, which is not appropriate for capturing any movements of a figure. Bloom’s attempt to ascertain the presence of sexual organs in the nude statues of the Greek goddesses undermines the mimesis of art. So Joyce shows his recognition of the bilateral development of photography and pornographic business. Bloom’s collection of photographs and photocards reveals the pervasion of pornographic desire among popular culture. By mentioning early visual devices such stereoscope and mutoscope, Joyce traces the contour of visual pleasure in the early twentieth century popular culture, which looks forward to the dominance of film. Joyce’s interest in film does not mean his displacement of old forms of representation such as painting, but rather Joyce embraces a variety of artistic forms of representation, for example, early cinema devices, to show that realistic representation is problematic since it presupposes the prior condition of the rigidity of reality insisted on by nineteenth-century Realism. By presenting various representational devices, Joyce makes them compete with each other, thus incessantly shattering the complacent anchorage of any way of representation.

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