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초록·키워드
The majority of modern Biblical scholars agree in that within 1 Cor 15:3-7 Paul quote a primitive Christian “creed”. But they debate the extent, origin and date, meaning of the “creed”. So the purpose of this article is to examine the pre-pauline creed in 1 Cor. 15:1-11.
Most scholars argue that the formal ‘creed terminated with v. 5b. But I suggest that the extent of the “creed” reaches from v. 3b to v.6a and also includes v.7 on the basis of structure and contextual evidence. For example, 1) the remarkable parallels between vv.5b-6a and 7 are obvious 2) the e’peita references do not indicate that the creed ends, but simple indicates a flow between versed 5 and 7. 3) there are at least two non-Pauline word in v. 6 which are evpa,nw and evfa,pax.
What is the origin of “the creed”? There were two positions. While scholars such as Jeremias posited an Aramaic origin for the creed, those such as Conzelmann and Kloppenborg argued for a Greek origin for creed. I argue that it is possible that the creed has a Semitic base, though it definitely was developed in a Greek speaking environment.
Concerning the date of creed, virtually all critical scholars agree that Paul received the creed no later than five years after the crucifixion, with majority holding that the material was passed on to him when he visited Jerusalem three years after his conversion (Gal 1:18-19). Hence the date of the creed AD 35, assuming the truth of the majority view that Jesus’ crucifixion occurred in AD 30 and Paul’s conversion in AD 32. Since the creed would have been formulated before Paul received it, the creed in its final form should be dated even earlier than AD 35.
What is the creed’s meaning of the resurrection of Jesus? I argue on the basis of the creed that the earliest followers of Jesus both believed in his physical resurrection and recounted resurrection appearances qualitatively different from that of Paul.
What is the purpose the creed? 1) Paul definitely wants to argue for the historicity of the resurrection of Christ. His reference that the five-hundred brethren are still alive clearly indicates that they were alive for questioning. 2) Not only does Paul argue that the gospel he preached is rooted in eyewitness testimony but also his gospel is the same as the apostles. 3) He wants to demonstrate to the Corinthians the legitimacy of his apostleship.
Most scholars argue that the formal ‘creed terminated with v. 5b. But I suggest that the extent of the “creed” reaches from v. 3b to v.6a and also includes v.7 on the basis of structure and contextual evidence. For example, 1) the remarkable parallels between vv.5b-6a and 7 are obvious 2) the e’peita references do not indicate that the creed ends, but simple indicates a flow between versed 5 and 7. 3) there are at least two non-Pauline word in v. 6 which are evpa,nw and evfa,pax.
What is the origin of “the creed”? There were two positions. While scholars such as Jeremias posited an Aramaic origin for the creed, those such as Conzelmann and Kloppenborg argued for a Greek origin for creed. I argue that it is possible that the creed has a Semitic base, though it definitely was developed in a Greek speaking environment.
Concerning the date of creed, virtually all critical scholars agree that Paul received the creed no later than five years after the crucifixion, with majority holding that the material was passed on to him when he visited Jerusalem three years after his conversion (Gal 1:18-19). Hence the date of the creed AD 35, assuming the truth of the majority view that Jesus’ crucifixion occurred in AD 30 and Paul’s conversion in AD 32. Since the creed would have been formulated before Paul received it, the creed in its final form should be dated even earlier than AD 35.
What is the creed’s meaning of the resurrection of Jesus? I argue on the basis of the creed that the earliest followers of Jesus both believed in his physical resurrection and recounted resurrection appearances qualitatively different from that of Paul.
What is the purpose the creed? 1) Paul definitely wants to argue for the historicity of the resurrection of Christ. His reference that the five-hundred brethren are still alive clearly indicates that they were alive for questioning. 2) Not only does Paul argue that the gospel he preached is rooted in eyewitness testimony but also his gospel is the same as the apostles. 3) He wants to demonstrate to the Corinthians the legitimacy of his apostleship.
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