In this study, we examine the peculiarity of red color, noble color in Chosun dynasty, by advanced research, literature review, and colorimetric survey of dyeing textiles. Also, it is progressed the cross-cultural positive research, comparing with hemp-cloth for shrouding restoration of red series in Japan, the neighboring country, in order to extract the peculiarity of Korean red color. As a result, it is extracted the traditional peculiarity of color name and hue of Korea and Japan, and arranged the uniqueness of Korean traditional red color as follows: 1. The Korean red color system is the color name of the divided much, along with blue color system, and it is extracted the 35 color name with that of red color system in Chosun era, in this study. 2. The color name of Korean traditional red color system is composed of combination with basicname of color and it, combination with modifier and basic name of color, etc. In particular, it represents the various divided hue, by attaching the modifier with light and shade before color name. It attached the big, many, deep, true, clear, and black, etc. in modifier representing the deep shade. Moreover, it attached the small, water, shallow, tender, and thin, etc. in modifier representing the light color. By doing this, it is judged that the Korean traditional red color is made the divided color of three-phased hue, by giving variety to the brightness and chroma, rather than the change of color. 3. When examining the HV/C colorimetric value of 74 relics in Korean traditional red color system, the color name in system represents the average originating rate in order of R, pR, and rO, and the tone does so in order of dp, d, and m. On the other hand, suppose the five fine colors, not mixed with other colors, is added with v and s, the Korean traditional red colors, it appears 20 examples(27%). Thus, we argues that there were much, clear and deep color hue in the relics of red color system in Chosun dynasty. Meanwhile, the brightness of Korean traditional red color is 44 examples (59.5%) in low brightness, and 27 examples (36.5%) in middle brightness. We can examine that most of dyeing textiles are distributed at low and middle brightness. This result is judged that change in color of long-time dyeing textiles is caused of it, along with calm tone of peculiar natural dyeing. Nevertheless, the chroma is 43 examples (58.1%) in middle brightness, and 19 examples (25.7%) in high brightness. Thus, we argues that most of dyeing textiles are distributed at middle and high brightness.