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초록·키워드
The purpose of this paper is to delve into the equivocality of Psalm 80. It has been discussed that Psalm 80 is a communal lament derived from the Northern tribal cultic settings. Verses 16 and 18 (MT versification), however, demonstrate such evident Messianic expressions as “the one at your right hand” or “the son of man strengthened by God,” which must have been used in the Souhtern kingdom in relation to the Davidic covenant. How does a psalm contain both traditions of the Northern and the Southern kingdom? What does “the son of man” whom God strengthens signify? Is he the king of the Northern or the Southern monarchy? Or is he the future Messiah who will rebuild the whole Israelite community?
In order to respond to these questions, this paper first discusses the characteristics of equivocality of Psalm 80. Due to the complicated history ofli terary transmissions of the psalm, the text displays a complexity that any specific methodology of interpretation could not solve. That is why this paper utilizes a literary-canonical criticism to exegete the text. Because the literary-canonical critical perspective regards the text as it is. It considers the contradictions and dispariet s of a text as a signal for some changes in the literary context resulting in new meaningsf or each canonical community.
Second, the structure of the third Book of the Psalm which is composed of 17 psalms has been analyzed. We have found that the 17 psalms form a chiasmus centering Psalm 81, which is the only communal praise in the third corpus. Our text Psalm 80 includes the central Psalm 81 with the other pair of Psalm 82. It is surprising that both Psalm 80 and 82 emerge as “Royal Psalms.” It demands that Psalm 80 should be read as a psalm in the category of royal psalms, but not of communal psalms.
Third, the doublet of verses 16 and 18 has been interpreted bya rhetorical critical method. Even though the two verses seem to be miswritten by repetition, the literary context shows an intentional significant change of the meaning of “the stock” in verse 16. As the word is changed from “son” in verse 16 to “son of man” in verse 18, the meaning of the vine is transformed from the Israelite community to the future messianic king.
Finally, it mentions three messianic points that Psalm 80 signfiies. They are related to the Nathan oracle in 2 Samuel 7, to the concept of Saviour in the future, and to “the One who is right side of God” in Psalm 110:1.
This paper concludes with two points. One is that the literary-canonical reading is an appropriate interpretative tool to elucidate the equivocal meanings of Psalm 80. The other is that the future study of Psalm 80 should be concenred with a deeper level of investigation into the tradition of the “Son of Man” in relation to Psalms 8, 89, 110 and other prophetic literature as well as Daniel 7.
In order to respond to these questions, this paper first discusses the characteristics of equivocality of Psalm 80. Due to the complicated history ofli terary transmissions of the psalm, the text displays a complexity that any specific methodology of interpretation could not solve. That is why this paper utilizes a literary-canonical criticism to exegete the text. Because the literary-canonical critical perspective regards the text as it is. It considers the contradictions and dispariet s of a text as a signal for some changes in the literary context resulting in new meaningsf or each canonical community.
Second, the structure of the third Book of the Psalm which is composed of 17 psalms has been analyzed. We have found that the 17 psalms form a chiasmus centering Psalm 81, which is the only communal praise in the third corpus. Our text Psalm 80 includes the central Psalm 81 with the other pair of Psalm 82. It is surprising that both Psalm 80 and 82 emerge as “Royal Psalms.” It demands that Psalm 80 should be read as a psalm in the category of royal psalms, but not of communal psalms.
Third, the doublet of verses 16 and 18 has been interpreted bya rhetorical critical method. Even though the two verses seem to be miswritten by repetition, the literary context shows an intentional significant change of the meaning of “the stock” in verse 16. As the word is changed from “son” in verse 16 to “son of man” in verse 18, the meaning of the vine is transformed from the Israelite community to the future messianic king.
Finally, it mentions three messianic points that Psalm 80 signfiies. They are related to the Nathan oracle in 2 Samuel 7, to the concept of Saviour in the future, and to “the One who is right side of God” in Psalm 110:1.
This paper concludes with two points. One is that the literary-canonical reading is an appropriate interpretative tool to elucidate the equivocal meanings of Psalm 80. The other is that the future study of Psalm 80 should be concenred with a deeper level of investigation into the tradition of the “Son of Man” in relation to Psalms 8, 89, 110 and other prophetic literature as well as Daniel 7.
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