The purpose of this study is to set a specific range of colors through the experts recognition in order to establish and utilize the vermilion, which is representative of Korean traditional colors. In addition, through a quantitative comparative analysis between the Korea Heritage group and the Korean Paintings group, the groups of expert who use the vermilion, this study attempted to suggest a range of colors suitable for the purpose of using the vermilion. For this purpose, this experiment was performed using KS standard color as the evaluation standard. This experiment was conducted to find out the range of colors recognized as the vermilion using 123 color samples of 7.5R, 10R, and 2.5YR from the Korean Standard Color Book. As a result of the experiment, both groups recognized the KS standard color as the vermilion with a high probability, and the range of hues of 7.5R and 10R, excluding 2.5YR was recognized as the vermilion. However, there was a difference in recognition between the two groups in the specific range of colors. In terms of the range of hues, the Korea Heritage group recognized a wider range of the vermilion compared to the Korean Paintings group, and the Korean Paintings group mostly recognized the 10R range as the vermilion, while the Korea Heritage group tended to recognize the range of 7.5R as the vermilion. Also, the range of tones was found to be wider in the Korea Heritage group than in the Korean Paintings group, and the Korean Paintings group mostly recognized bright and vivid colors as the vermilion, while the Korea Heritage group showed a high tendency to recognize darker and dull tones as the vermilion. Differences between the two groups also appeared in the range of hues, but a more distinct difference in recognition appeared in the range of tones, which is believed to be due to job-specific characteristics between the two groups in terms of the purpose of using the vermilion.