Purpose: This study aims to propose a hybrid modular supply system for the reconstruction of Kharkiv, a city severely damaged by war. The primary objective is to establish a resilient and resource-efficient urban recovery model that integrates rapid shelter provision with long-term adaptability. By addressing both immediate housing needs and sustainable urban regeneration, the system aspires to provide a scalable framework applicable to various post-conflict contexts. Method: The research employs a qualitative methodology combining literature review, precedent analysis, and comparative case study. Three urban recovery models—Kharkiv’s hybrid modular system, Aleppo’s post-war redevelopment, and Seoul’s incremental regeneration—were systematically examined to identify operational processes, strengths, and limitations. These insights were synthesized into a framework that grounds the proposed strategy. Building on this analytical foundation, the hybrid modular approach is articulated as a design-based proposal, integrating off-site supply (factory-based prefabrication of structural cores) with on-site supply for flexible assembly and progressive expansion. This dual system also considers partially functioning infrastructure and the adaptive reuse of construction yards. Result: The hybrid system demonstrates efficiency in both speed and scalability. Off-site manufactured cores allow for rapid deployment of safe shelters, while on-site assembly supports incremental growth that accommodates diverse household needs. Furthermore, by incorporating environmentally sustainable practices such as resource-efficient construction and adaptive reuse, the system enhances long-term resilience. This framework not only addresses Kharkiv’s urgent housing crisis but also provides a transferable model for resilient urban regeneration in post-conflict environments worldwide.