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The Mongol conquest and rule of the world is quite an uncommon historical phenomenon, and many scholars have raised questions about how it could happen. This article tries to address to the following two questions: why did the Mongols venture to conquer the world, and how did they manage to rule the ‘world empire’?
As for the first question, it is quite clear that Chinggis Khan had no intention, in the initial stage of his campaign, to conquer the world. Since not a few Khitans and Jurchens were already advising him about how to deal with the northern China, it would not be strange even if he was actuall thinking to conquer and rule at least a part of sedentary world. However, the states not only in north China but also in other parts of the world, such as Koryo, Xi Xia, Qara Khitay and Khorezm, fiercely denied to come to terms with this new power. Inevitably the field of war became ever expanded. In other words, for the Mongols the war was in the beginning inevitable but in due course it became the war madated by the eternal heaven, i.e. the conquest to build the world empire.
For the second question there is no short of answers either. However, the focus of this paper is on the question how we can detect the peculiarities of the Mongol world empire-ness. We proposed to investigate ‘imperial institutions’ that were put into operation across the entire empire. For example, in the political and military sphere, there were institutions of ordu, keshig, darughachi, ilchi, tamma, jasaq and many others, while in the economic and cultural sphere there were those of qubi, qubchur, ortaq, jamchi, etc. It is impossible to analyze all these institutions, so we have take only one case, the institution of ordu, and made a preliminary analysis.
As for the first question, it is quite clear that Chinggis Khan had no intention, in the initial stage of his campaign, to conquer the world. Since not a few Khitans and Jurchens were already advising him about how to deal with the northern China, it would not be strange even if he was actuall thinking to conquer and rule at least a part of sedentary world. However, the states not only in north China but also in other parts of the world, such as Koryo, Xi Xia, Qara Khitay and Khorezm, fiercely denied to come to terms with this new power. Inevitably the field of war became ever expanded. In other words, for the Mongols the war was in the beginning inevitable but in due course it became the war madated by the eternal heaven, i.e. the conquest to build the world empire.
For the second question there is no short of answers either. However, the focus of this paper is on the question how we can detect the peculiarities of the Mongol world empire-ness. We proposed to investigate ‘imperial institutions’ that were put into operation across the entire empire. For example, in the political and military sphere, there were institutions of ordu, keshig, darughachi, ilchi, tamma, jasaq and many others, while in the economic and cultural sphere there were those of qubi, qubchur, ortaq, jamchi, etc. It is impossible to analyze all these institutions, so we have take only one case, the institution of ordu, and made a preliminary analysis.
목차
Ⅰ. 서론
Ⅱ. 몽골은 왜 세계를 정복했는가
Ⅲ. 몽골은 어떻게 세계를 지배했는가
Ⅳ. 맺음말
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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2014-910-003112470