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커뮤니티
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초록·키워드
This article seeks to propose better Korean translations of some cultic terms in the Book of Leviticus. There are several important cultic terms for understanding the cultic system in the Book of Leviticus. Most Korean versions have used traditional translations for such terms and phrases. However, those translations sometimes prevent us from understanding the meaning of the texts accurately. Here, several terms have been chosen for discussion.
The first term is ?????? (Lev 4:3, 14, 20, 21, etc). ?????? is usually translated as ‘sin offering.’ But some scholars like J. Milgrom and J. Hartley suggest translating this term as ‘purification offering’ because ?????? is not related to ???? (to sin), but rather to ????? (piel of ???? ,? to clean or to purify), and because the blood of ?????? is not to applied to human, but to sancta which has to be purified from uncleanness (Lev 16:16). But the ritual of‘ ??????? ’, which means the goal of ?????? ,? is not limited to purification but extends to expiation and even to holiness. Thus, So, we may translate ?????? as ‘sanctification offering.’
The second term is ????? (Lev 5:15, 16, 18, 19, etc). ????? is usually translated as ‘guilt offering.’ If ????? is translated as ‘guilt offering’, we cannot distinguish ????? from ?????? .? There are two different characteristics of ????? from those of ?????? .? The first characteristic is that the sin for ????? is ???? which means unfaithfulness to God. And ???? refers to two kinds of sins ? The first one is about the misusage of holy things and the other is about making false oaths by God’s name in order to acquire neighbors’ properties. These two sins are connected to the misusage of the properties of God and others. The second characteristic is that the sinner has to add a fifth part to the original property to the priests or to the original owner. That is why we may translate ????? as ‘reparation offering’ even if the purpose of ????? is similar to .???????
The third terms are ???????? and ???????? (Lev 7:14, 30, etc). ???????? is usually translated as ‘heave offering.’ But ???????? is not always related to the cultic context. In the non-cultic context, ???????? is used as ‘gift’, ‘tax’, ‘contribution’, or ‘offering’ (Exod 25:2; 30:13; 35:5; Num 5:9; 20:26, etc). Even in the cultic context, ???????? is like an offering without any cultic action like lifting something (Exod 29:27; Lev 7:14, 28-34, etc). Rather it is to offer a gift to Yahweh (????????). Accordingly, ???????? can be translated as ‘offering’, or ‘gift.’ And ???????? is traditionally translated as ‘wave offering.’ But some recent English versions like NRSV and NJPS translated it as ‘elevation offering’ because ????? (hiphil of ????)may mean a cultic action like elevating the offering before Yahweh (??????? ???????), rather than waving the offering (Exod 20:25; Isa 10:15; 13:2; 19:16, etc). We may therefore translate ???????? into ‘heave offering’, or ‘elevation offering.’
The first term is ?????? (Lev 4:3, 14, 20, 21, etc). ?????? is usually translated as ‘sin offering.’ But some scholars like J. Milgrom and J. Hartley suggest translating this term as ‘purification offering’ because ?????? is not related to ???? (to sin), but rather to ????? (piel of ???? ,? to clean or to purify), and because the blood of ?????? is not to applied to human, but to sancta which has to be purified from uncleanness (Lev 16:16). But the ritual of‘ ??????? ’, which means the goal of ?????? ,? is not limited to purification but extends to expiation and even to holiness. Thus, So, we may translate ?????? as ‘sanctification offering.’
The second term is ????? (Lev 5:15, 16, 18, 19, etc). ????? is usually translated as ‘guilt offering.’ If ????? is translated as ‘guilt offering’, we cannot distinguish ????? from ?????? .? There are two different characteristics of ????? from those of ?????? .? The first characteristic is that the sin for ????? is ???? which means unfaithfulness to God. And ???? refers to two kinds of sins ? The first one is about the misusage of holy things and the other is about making false oaths by God’s name in order to acquire neighbors’ properties. These two sins are connected to the misusage of the properties of God and others. The second characteristic is that the sinner has to add a fifth part to the original property to the priests or to the original owner. That is why we may translate ????? as ‘reparation offering’ even if the purpose of ????? is similar to .???????
The third terms are ???????? and ???????? (Lev 7:14, 30, etc). ???????? is usually translated as ‘heave offering.’ But ???????? is not always related to the cultic context. In the non-cultic context, ???????? is used as ‘gift’, ‘tax’, ‘contribution’, or ‘offering’ (Exod 25:2; 30:13; 35:5; Num 5:9; 20:26, etc). Even in the cultic context, ???????? is like an offering without any cultic action like lifting something (Exod 29:27; Lev 7:14, 28-34, etc). Rather it is to offer a gift to Yahweh (????????). Accordingly, ???????? can be translated as ‘offering’, or ‘gift.’ And ???????? is traditionally translated as ‘wave offering.’ But some recent English versions like NRSV and NJPS translated it as ‘elevation offering’ because ????? (hiphil of ????)may mean a cultic action like elevating the offering before Yahweh (??????? ???????), rather than waving the offering (Exod 20:25; Isa 10:15; 13:2; 19:16, etc). We may therefore translate ???????? into ‘heave offering’, or ‘elevation offering.’
본문·목차
인공지능 문자 인식 모델을 통해 추출된 텍스트로, 일부 오타나 오류가 포함될 수 있으나 지속적으로 개선 중입니다.
오류를 발견하셨다면 해당 부분을 드래그한 후 ' 를 통해 신고해주세요.
오류를 발견하셨다면 해당 부분을 드래그한 후 ' 를 통해 신고해주세요.
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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2016-233-001394178
