Recently, various themes and new forms of ballet performance are introduced to be familiar with the common run of people. However, for the true popularization of ballet, efforts to make ballet as a part of life would be needed for the children who are in the age of physical, emotional, and social developments. In this study, the characteristics of children, the process of development in ballet, major ballet works for children, the current status and problems of ballet in the aspects of performance and education have been investigated for the activation of ballet for children. In addition, a survey for children and their parents was made for investigating the degree of cognition, values as an early childhood education, themes of ballet and their demands. From the result of the above studies, conclusions were made as follows; In the aspect of the form which the ballet is played, the place for ballet performance should be diversifide beyond the large theater. Auditorium of school and city-hall would be a good place. To overcome the restriction on space and time, the utilization of TV seems to be essencial for the popularization of ballet. If the ballet works are produced for TV and broadcasted, ballet will be more popular art and its synergy effects will be very large. In the social and educational aspect, it is necessary to make a circumstance where the children can learn ballet systematically. To achieve this, the university having department of dance should play a central role in the social education of dance. It seems to be effective to develop an educational program adequate for the Korean. Except for several large cities, the children seldom have the opportunities to experince and learn ballet. Moreover, the performance and education of ballet for children is not common, and the ballet program for social education is not conducted. This unbalance in ballet performance and education can be solved by the efforts of ballet companies and universities to enlarge their activities to the area where the cultural benefits could not be obtained. Lastly, it is necessary to develop the themes which is suitable for our national emotion. The results of a survey for the children and their parents have shown that they usually go to the theater when there is a ballet work which they like. An investigation about the demands for ballet have revealed that the children and their parents want to see a beautiful and emotional ballet like a fairy tale, a Korean traditional nursery tale or a story that can be enjoyed by children and their parents together.