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(Karadeniz Technical University)
Journal
Center for International Area Studies International Area Studies Review Vol.29 No.2
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    Abstract·Keywords

    This article examines the institutional obstacles to the green shift in Türkiye. Based on the theoretical approach that combines state capitalism, path dependency, national innovation systems, and policy-feedback mechanisms, it explains how the tax revenues, education-labour market misalignments, and pre-leading status of the defence sector strengthen a crowding-out process that undermines green innovation and human-capital investments. The article not only provides the concept of fiscal lock-in as an insufficiently discussed and a vital aspect of fossil path dependency, but it also highlights indirect carbon rents in non-rentier states as a key process of policy inertia. It synthesises political economy and innovation system views, which adds to the literature on fossil lock-ins and energy transition governance. It also calls for a broader understanding of policy priorities beyond techno-fixes and insists on the need to capture structural aspects of a rapid energy transition, like fiscal policy, human capital trends, and innovation systems, to understand the inertia affecting a rapid transition of the energy mix.

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