本 硏究는 産卵鷄의 改良을 위한 主要經濟形質에 대한 遺傳力과 遺傳相關을 推定하고자 1980年 3月 1日부터 1981年 7月 31日까지 飼育 되어온 S.C.W. Leghorn種 351 首와 R. I. Red種 326 首에서 調査된 主要 經濟形質에 대한 資料로서 얻어진 結果들을 要約하면 다음과 같다.
1. 體重은 S.C.W. Leghorn種과 R. I. Red種에서 各各 初産時 1,409, 1,965g이었고 300日令時 1,602, 2,305g이었으며, 500日令時 1,709, 2,479g이었고, 初産日令은 S.C.W. Leghorn種과 R. I. Red種에서 各各 156, 163日이었다. 또한 産卵數는 S.C.W. Leghorn種과 R.I.Red種에서 300日令時에 各各 101.18, 101.05個이었고, 500日令時에 各各 214.39 및 214.93個이었으며, 卵重은 初産時에 41.93, 41.82g, 300日令時에 57.65, 57.62g, 500日令時에 60.33, 60.57g이었다.
2. 遺傳力 推定値에 있어서는 S.C.W. Leghorn種 및 R. I. Red種의 體重은 父分散成分에서 各各 0.492~0.612, 0.309~0.523이었고, 母分散成分에서 各各 0.275~0.458, 0.134~0.380으로 父分散成分에서 높았으며, 初産日令은 父分散成分에서 各各 0.167, 0.169이었고, 母分散成分에서 各各 0.169, 0.095로 낮은 推定値이었으며, 産卵數는 父分散成分에서 各各 0.214~0.239, 0.137~0.259이었고, 母分散成分에서 各各 0.336~0.341, 0.024~0.102이었으며, 卵重은 父分散成分에서 各各 0.537~0.796, 0.519~0.631이었고, 母分散成分에서 各各 0.374~0.686 및 0.116~0.365로 父分散成分에서 높게 推定되었다.
3. 遺傳相關에서 S.C.W. Leghorn種과 R.I.Red種에서 體重과 初産日令間에는 各各 0.328~0.426, 0.186~0.244이었고, 體重과 産卵數間에는 -0.666~-0.498, -0.542~-0.073으로 負의 相關인 反面에, 卵重과는 各各 0.384~0.744, 0.126~0.612로 正의 係數이었고, 初産日令과 産卵數間에는 各各 -0.639~-0.452, -0.754~-0.320으로 높은 負의 相關인 反面에 卵重과는 各各 0.478~0.705, 0.021~0.605로 正의 相關이었고, 産卵數와 卵重間에는 各各 -0.623~-0.355, -0.861~-0.327로 負의 相關係數이었다.
This study was conducted to estimate heritabilities, genetic and phenotypic correlations on economic traits in layers. The data analysis were the records of 351 pullets in S. C. W. Leghorn and 326 pullets in R. I. Red from March 1, 1980 to July 31, 1981.
The results obtained are summarized as follows:
1. The average body weights at the first egg, 300 and 500 days of age were 1, 409, 1, 602 and 1, 709g S. C. W. Leghorn, and 1, 965, 2, 305, and 2, 479g in the R. I. Red, respectively. The age at first egg of the S. C. W. Leghorn and R. I. Red were 156 days and 163 days, respectively. The number of egg produced by the S. C. W. Leghorn and R. I. Red to 300 days and 500 days of age were 101.18, 214.39, and 101.05, 214.93, respectively. The egg weight at first egg, 300 and 500 days of age were 41.93, 57.65 and 60.33g in the S. C. W. Leghorn and 41.82, 57.62 and 60.57g in the R. I. Red, respectively.
2. The heritability estimates based on the variance of sire and dam components were 0.402-0.612 and 0.275-0.458 in the S. C. W. Leghorn, 0.309-0.523 and and 0.134-0.380 in R. I. Red for body weight; 0.167 and 0.139 in the S. C. W. Leghorn, 0.169 and 0.095 in the R. I. Red for age at first egg; 0.214-0.239 and 0.336-0.341 in S. C. W. Leghorn, 0.137-0.259 and 0.024-0.102 in the R. I. Red for number of egg production; 0.537-0.769 and 0.374-0.686 in the S. C. W. Leghorn, 0.519-0.631 and 0.116-0.365 in the R. I. Red for egg weight, respectively.
3. The genetic correlation coefficients of economic traits were as follows; In the S. C. W. Leghorn and R. I. Red, the coefficients between body weights and age at the first egg, 0.328-0.426 and 0.186-0.244; between body weights and number of egg production, -0.666--0.498 and -0.452--0.073; between body weight and egg weight, 0.384-0.774 and 0.126-0.612; between age at first egg and number of egg production, -0.639--0.452 and -0.754--0.320; between age at first egg and egg weight, 0.478-0.705 and 0.021-0.605; between number of egg production and egg weight, -0.623--0.355 and -0.861--0.327, respectively.