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자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
저널정보
역사학회 역사학보 歷史學報 第178輯
발행연도
2003.6
수록면
201 - 229 (29page)

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초록· 키워드

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The controversy surrounding the first performances of Hernani (1830), known as "bataille d'Hernani", conferred a lasting notoriety upon Victor Hugo's play. The action of Hernani revolves around the rivalry of the bandit (Hernani), the king of Spain (Don Carlos), and the patriarchal Ruy Gomez de Silva for the hand of Dona Sol. At the same time, there is a political plot which turns on the candidacy and election of the king to the position of Holy Roman Emperor. It is this political affair that captures the historian's interest. Particularly crucial to an understanding of the play's political undertones is the opposition between king and emperor which is repeated with almost obsessive frequency. Throughout the genesis of the play, Don Carlos is at the very forefront of Hugo's inspiration. The metamorphosis of Don Carlos into Karl V represents Hugo's political evolution at the end of the Restoration, from a loyal royalist to a ferventㆍbonapartist.
Giuseppe Verdi recognized Hernani's operatic quality. What really inspired Verdi's lyrical muse is, however, the historical significance of the play. Verdi, who had become the greatest artist of the Risorgimento after his success with Nabucco (1842), saw in Ernani (1844) an opportunity to express his and his compatriots' anti-Austrian sentiment. We find therefore an opposition between Don Carlo the king-emperor and Ernani the bandit. The famous monologue of Don Carlos in Hugo's play is reduced to almost nothing in Verdi's opera. Instead, what the Venetian public got is the conspiracy scene with a captivating male chorus, full of incendiary phrases, where it was so easy for the spectators to substitute mentally the word "Italia" for the word "Iberia", "Venezia" for "Castiglia". The chorus has little to do with the actual story of Ernani, but it stole the show and functioned as a disguised Risorgimento ode. When Hugo's Hernani was transplanted across the Alps to become Verdi's Ernani, Don Carlos became Don Carlo and the emperor lost his grandeur, while the conspirators acquired an explosive force that Hugo could never have imagined.
Sixteenth-Century Spain was nothing but a theatre where Hugo and Verdi could stage immediate actuality of their time. It was seen and interpreted from their particular political or national viewpoint. Whereas the French playwright found in the person of Karl V an elected emperor supported by the people of Europe, for the Italian composer the Habsburg emperor was an oppressor of Spanish (or Italian) people. Hernani and Ernani may tell the same story, but they write completely different histories.

목차

Ⅰ. 머리말
Ⅱ. 위고와 19세기 프랑스
Ⅲ. 에르나니 전투
Ⅳ. 에르나니와 동 카를로스, 알프스 산맥을 넘다
Ⅴ. 맺음말
〈Abstract〉

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