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I have examined how the market has formed, grown and developed from the late 1950s to early 1990s in North Korea through in-depth interviews historically and reviewed the history of North Korean markets for this study.
First, market in North Korea was in the dark age between 1958 when the economic collectivization was completed and the mid 1960s when the planned economic system was being built most dynamically. However, black markets took root under such circumstances. The minorities such as remigrants and Chinese had large influences in the market. They became the roots of non-socialist elements and substantially helped the markets take root in North Korea.
Second, the planned economic system in North Korea has suffered depressions for about 10 years since 1967 when the Juche Idea was established as the nation’s resources have been overly invested in the defense system and the idolization of Kim Il-sung. The defense system became detached from the planned economic system, which led Nort
h Korea to have the double economic structure. Such an unbalanced distribution of resources weakened the state-run commercial network and worsened the shortage of commodities, enlarging the black markets further.
Third, the Labor Party set up the ‘taskforce to earn foreign currencies’ in an effort to help the successor build his career in the mid 1970s. This move led to create the central party economy other than the planned economic structure(civilian demands) and defense economic system. The central party economy has aggravated the planned economic system and grown the markets on the organic relations with markets in the 1980s. This move led North Korea to have the triple economic structure. The economic liberalization in China in the late 1970s also affected the North Korean markets substantially.
Such changes led the North Korean economic structure to get mostly based on the market economies and businesses to earn foreign currencies after the massive famine in the 1990s.
First, market in North Korea was in the dark age between 1958 when the economic collectivization was completed and the mid 1960s when the planned economic system was being built most dynamically. However, black markets took root under such circumstances. The minorities such as remigrants and Chinese had large influences in the market. They became the roots of non-socialist elements and substantially helped the markets take root in North Korea.
Second, the planned economic system in North Korea has suffered depressions for about 10 years since 1967 when the Juche Idea was established as the nation’s resources have been overly invested in the defense system and the idolization of Kim Il-sung. The defense system became detached from the planned economic system, which led Nort
h Korea to have the double economic structure. Such an unbalanced distribution of resources weakened the state-run commercial network and worsened the shortage of commodities, enlarging the black markets further.
Third, the Labor Party set up the ‘taskforce to earn foreign currencies’ in an effort to help the successor build his career in the mid 1970s. This move led to create the central party economy other than the planned economic structure(civilian demands) and defense economic system. The central party economy has aggravated the planned economic system and grown the markets on the organic relations with markets in the 1980s. This move led North Korea to have the triple economic structure. The economic liberalization in China in the late 1970s also affected the North Korean markets substantially.
Such changes led the North Korean economic structure to get mostly based on the market economies and businesses to earn foreign currencies after the massive famine in the 1990s.
목차
Ⅰ. 서론
Ⅱ. 사회주의적 개조와 암시장의 형성: 1950년대 후반 ~ 1960년대 중반
Ⅲ. 계획경제의 축소와 시장의 형성기: 1960년대 후반 ~ 1970년대 중반
Ⅳ. 계획경제의 침식과 시장의 성장: 1970년대 말 ~ 1990년대 초
Ⅴ. 결론
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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2012-910-004173217