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초록·키워드
Manure and slurry are commonly used as fertilisers in arable agriculture due to their ability to provide large quantities of nitrogen (N) required for crop growth. However, a considerable amount of the N applied from organic substrates is inefficiently utilised by crops, and is vulnerable to loss to the environment in gaseous forms such as nitrous oxide (N2O) and ammonia (NH3), and through leaching as nitrate after undergoing transformations in the soil. The emission of N2O and NH3 result in damaging environmental impacts; N2O is a powerful greenhouse gas (GHG) with a global warming potential 298 times greater than that of CO2 and also acts to deplete the ozone layer. Ammonia and nitrate may be deposited in aquatic or terrestrial environments resulting in indirect environmental impacts such as eutrophication, indirect GHG emissions, and soil acidification. It is therefore imperative that organic fertiliser applications are carefully managed if significant environmental pollution is to be avoided. Timing of fertiliser application is critical when considering GHG emissions as these are significantly affected by soil conditions. It is thus vital to understand how manipulation of the timing of organic fertiliser applications may reduce potential environmental effects and impact on the tradeoffs in losses of different N forms. This research has quantified emissions of N2O and NH3 following application of a variety of organic fertilisers to an arable field trial in Eastern Scotland. Emissions from spring and autumn fertiliser applications were compared, to assess what effect the timing of application has on gaseous emissions and nutrient leaching. ... 전체 초록 보기
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