본 연구는 체육영재들을 대상으로 체력요인과 뇌 신경성장인자인 BDNF, 성장호르몬, 세로토닌, 코르티솔, IGF-1과의 상관분석과 다중회귀분석을 통해 어떠한 체력요인이 BDNF, 성장호르몬, 세로토닌, 코르티솔, IGF-1에 영향을 주는가를 규명하고자 하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 체육영재 프로그램에 참여하는 체육영재집단 26명과 일반학생집단 20명을 대상으로 체력과 BDNF, 성장호르몬, 세로토닌, 코르티솔, IGF-1들을 측정하였다. 자료처리는 SPSS 22.0 Program을 이용하여 t-test, pearson 상관분석, 다중회귀분석을 실시하였으며 모든 통계적 유의수준 α=.05로 설정하였다. 체력요인에서는 상지순발력, 복근지구력, 하지순발력, 스피드, 민첩성, 심폐지구력에서 체육영재집단이 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 유연성에서는 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. BDNF 관련인자에서는 BDNF, IGF-1에서 체육영재집단이 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 성장호르몬, 세로토닌, 코르티솔에서는 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 체력요인과 BDNF, 성장호르몬, 세로토닌, 코르티솔, IGF-1과의 상관관계에서 BDNF는 하지순발력과 유의한 상관관계를 나타냈고, 성장호르몬은 상지순발력과 스피드와 유의한 상관관계를 나타냈다. 또한, 코르티솔은 복근지구력과 유의한 상관관계를 나타냈으며, IGF-1은 상지순발력, 복근지구력, 하지순발력, 스피드, 민첩성과 유의한 상관관계를 나타냈다. 다중회귀분석에서 하지순발력이 BDNF를 예측할 수 있는 변인으로 나타났고, 스피드와 심폐지구력이 성장호르몬을 예측할 수 있는 변인으로 나타났다. 복근지구력과 민첩성은 코르티솔을 예측할 수 있는 변인으로 나타났으며, 또한 민첩성이 IGF-1을 예측할 수 있는 변인으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 체육영재집단과 일반학생집단의 체력에는 차이가 있었으며, 체력이 좋은 체육영재집단이 BDNF발현이 높은 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. 또한 순발력과 지구력, 스피드, 민첩성이 BDNF 관련인자와 부분적으로 관련이 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.
The purpose of this study was to closely examine which physical fitness have influence upon BDNF-related factors through correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis between physical fitness and BDNF-related factors, which are neurotrophic factors, targeting the Sports Talents. physical Fitness and BDNF-related factors were measured targeting 26 people in the Sports Talents group of participating in a Sports Talents program, which is carried out at C university, and 20 people in the general student group. The collected data were calculated the mean(M) and the standard deviation(SD) by using SPSS 22.0 statistical processing program. To comparatively analyze the measured variables, the independent t-test was carried out. To examine relationship among measured variables, Pearson correlation analysis was carried out. The significantly-confirmed variables were carried out multiple regression analysis, thereby having been verified influence. All the statistical significance levels were set for α = .05. The results are as follows. In upper-limb power, muscular endurance, lower-limb power, speed, agility, and cardiopulmonary endurance as physical fitness, the Sports Talents group was indicated to be significantly high. The significant difference wasn"t shown in flexibility. In BDNF-related factors, the Sports Talents group was indicated to be significantly high in BDNF, IGF-1. The significant difference wasn"t shown in growth hormone, serotonin, and cortisol. In correlation between physical fitness and BDNF-related factors, BDNF showed significant correlation with lower-limb power. The growth hormone showed significant correlation with upper-limb power and speed. Also, cortisol showed significant correlation with muscular endurance. IGF-1 showed significant correlation with upper-limb power, muscular endurance, lower-limb power, speed, and agility. In multiple regression analysis, the lower-limb power was indicated to be variable available for predicting BDNF. Speed and cardiopulmonary endurance were shown to be variables available for predicting growth hormone. Also, muscular endurance and agility were shown to be variables available for predicting cortisol. Agility was indicated to be variable available for predicting IGF-1. Conclusion, there was difference in fitness between the Sports Talents group and the general student group. The Sports Talents group with good fitness could be confirmed to be high in expression of BDNF. Also, power, endurance, speed and agility could be confirmed to have partial relationship with BDNF, growth hormone, serotonin, cortisol, and IGF-1.