Assessing the Systemic Toxicity in Rabbits after Sub Acute Exposure to Ocular Irritant Chemicals

Cherian Sebastian Reshma; Sudhakaran Sruthi; Santhakumar Syama; Vishwanath Gayathri; Parayanthala Valappil Mohanan

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저자정보: Cherian Sebastian Reshma (Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology) Sudhakaran Sruthi (Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology) Santhakumar Syama (Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology) Vishwanath Gayathri (Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology) Parayanthala Valappil Mohanan (Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology)

저널정보: 한국독성학회 Toxicological Research Toxicological Research Vol.31 No.1

발행연도: 2015.3

수록면: 49 - 59 (11page)

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Eye is a highly vascularised organ. There are chances that a foreign substance can enter the systemic circulation through the eye and cause oxidative stress and evoke immune response. Here the eyes of rabbits were exposed, for a period of 7 days, to 5 known ocular irritants: Cetyl pyridinium chloride (CPC), sodium salicylate (SS), imidazole (IMI), acetaminophen (ACT) and nicotinamide (NIC). The eyes were scored according to the draize scoring. Blood collected from the treated rabbit were analyzed for haematological and biochemical parameters. After sacrifice, histological analysis of the eye and analysis of pro-inflammatory biomarkers (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-8 and TNF-α) in the cornea using ELISA was carried out. Spleen was collected and the proliferation capacities of spleenocytes were analyzed. Liver and brain were collected and assessed for oxidative stress. The eye irritation potential of the chemicals was evident from the redness and swelling of the conjunctiva and cornea. Histopathological analysis and ELISA assay showed signs of inflammation in the eye. However, the haematological and biochemical parameters showed no change. Spleenocyte proliferations showed only slight alterations which were not significant. Also oxidative stress in the brain and liver were negligible. In conclusion, chemicals which cause ocular irritation and inflammation did not show any systemic side-effects in the present scenario.

#Ocular irritation #Systemic effect #Oxidative stress #Antioxidants #Draize test #Spleenocytes

참고문헌 (30)

참고문헌 신청

Hopkins, G.A. / 1977 / Potential systemic effects of six common ophthalmic drugs / J. Am. Optom. Assoc. 48:1241~1245

Leader, B.J. / 1996 / Peril to the nerveglaucoma and clinical neuro-opthalmology / Kugler publications :65~70

Gray, C. / 2006 / Systemic toxicity with topical ophthalmic medications in children / Paediatr. Perinat. Drug Ther. 7:23~29

Salminen, L. / 1990 / Review: systemic absorption of topically applied ocular drugs in humans / J. Ocul. Pharmacol. Ther. 6:243~249

Draize, J. H. / 1944 / Methods for the study of irritation and toxicity of substances applied topically to the skin and mucous membranes / J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 82:377~390

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