It is very meaningful for us to have retrospect and prospect on New Testament Studies in Korea of 20th century at this very point of time of 30th anniversary of Korean Theological Society. World New Testament Studies of 20th century can be described into three periods in the aspect of using historical critical method as its tool. The first period covers 1900-1950 which introduced historical critical method, existed only theoretically in 18, 19th century, to Biblical studies as a matter of fact. It made existential approach, source criticism, form criticism, and redaction criticism appear as methodologies of Biblical interpretation and proceed in some moderate way. The second period covers 1960-70, in which those historical methods were applied to all areas of New Testament studies in a full scale. In this period scholars showed much concern on hermeneutical issue, "historical Jesus" problem, Gospel studies, Pauline studies, and New Testament theology. The third period covers 1980-2000, which maintained or supplemented the previous studies of the second period. By this period, each area of historical criticism became to be related to context or other fields of science to bring the contextualization and being interdisciplinary in Biblical interpretation. Approaching Korean New Testament Studies of 20th century in this light of World New Testament Studies of 20th century, it can be said that the former was influenced by the latter in more slow pace. The first period covers 1900-1950, which can be called "pre-critical" age. Korean New Testament Studies of this period was dependent upon solely on the works of foreign missionaries or Scholars, pietistic and evangelistic. It showed much concern on Jesus` life and thought. The second period covers 1960-70, which can be called "the dawn of historical criticism," in which Korean scholars applied historical criticism to their New Testament Studies, introduced it to their students, published their writings using it. The third period covers 1980-2000, which can be called "the flowering of historical criticism," in which Korean scholars not only maintained the previous studies of the second period, but also fixed and developed them. In this period some scholars accepted not only historical-critical method, but sociological and literary critical. Scholars showed much concern on New Testament Theology and New Testament Introduction. They gave up the systematic -dogmatic approach to accept the historical and diachronical approach, admitting the diversity of New Testament writers. In conclusion, Korean New Testament Theology of 21th century, confronting its maturity, must or is expected to become not merely translator or introducer of Western theology, but "Korean" New Testament Studies which can move the spirits of Korean people with subjectivity and independency, and the responding New Testament Theology to all the unpredictable challenges of 21th century, leading World New Testament Theology, with its own right prudence on the Word of God, pursuing more inclusive methodology, developing the application techniques for various contexts, and being on its guard against all historical skepticism.