지원사업
학술연구/단체지원/교육 등 연구자 활동을 지속하도록 DBpia가 지원하고 있어요.
커뮤니티
연구자들이 자신의 연구와 전문성을 널리 알리고, 새로운 협력의 기회를 만들 수 있는 네트워킹 공간이에요.
논문 기본 정보
- 자료유형
- 학술대회자료
- 저자정보
- 발행연도
- 1995.4
- 수록면
- 31 - 65 (35page)
이용수
초록· 키워드
오류제보하기
The human crewmember has been an integral element of the U.S, space program throughout its history, and space flight and the harsh space environment have posed a number of critical challenges for the protection of the astronaut. The role of the human has grown as space missions and programs have increased in duration and complexity. The goal of Project Mercury was to demonstrate man's ability to survive in space. The astronaut served mainly as an observer and backup operator. The 10 Gemini missions built upon the achievements of Mercury, and provided a technical and biomedical foundation for the Apollo lunar landing program. The Apollo missions required a broad biomedical support program, including provisions for in-flight illness, and, like Gemini, yielded significant findings on human physiology in space. Skylab provided the first opportunity to study adaptation to microgravity over extended periods; the role of the astronaut was expanded to that of a scientist/ investigator. Skylab helped to differentiate those physiological changes that are self-limiting. The reusable Space Shuttle has provided routine access to Earth orbit, and expanded the space program to include investigators from industry and academia.
Space flight induces changes in virtually all body systems. Most appear to be benign adaptations to weightlessness, but if unchecked some physiological changes could become life threatening. The time course and extent of these changes must be characterized, and appropriate countermeasures developed for long-duration space missions.
Space missions for the 21st century will require crewmembers to live and work productively for long periods of time in space and on planetary surfaces. As in the past, a set of critical biomedical and life science questions must be answered to ensure crew health, well-being, and productivity. Microgravity research on the International Space Station will address both basic science and operational research geared to establishing countermeasures for subsequent human exploration missions. Issues for future human exploration include medical care in remote settings, psychological support, closed-loop life support, effective countermeasures for deleterious changes in physiology, protection from space radiation, and a range of spacecraft habitability concerns.
Space flight induces changes in virtually all body systems. Most appear to be benign adaptations to weightlessness, but if unchecked some physiological changes could become life threatening. The time course and extent of these changes must be characterized, and appropriate countermeasures developed for long-duration space missions.
Space missions for the 21st century will require crewmembers to live and work productively for long periods of time in space and on planetary surfaces. As in the past, a set of critical biomedical and life science questions must be answered to ensure crew health, well-being, and productivity. Microgravity research on the International Space Station will address both basic science and operational research geared to establishing countermeasures for subsequent human exploration missions. Issues for future human exploration include medical care in remote settings, psychological support, closed-loop life support, effective countermeasures for deleterious changes in physiology, protection from space radiation, and a range of spacecraft habitability concerns.
목차
〈Abstract〉
INTRODUCTION
HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY IN SPACE
MERCURY
APOLLO
SKYLAB
APOLLO-SOYUZ TEST PROJECT
SPACE SHUTTLE
MEDICAL CARE AND HEALTH MAINTENANCE IN THE U.S. SPACE PROGRAM
ISSUES FOR HUMAN EXPLORATION OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM
INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION
REFERENCES
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