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Background/Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluatethe influence of recent chemotherapy on the patterns of themaximum-standardized uptake value (M-SUV) and sensitivityof 18F-fluoro-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG-PET/CT) in colorectal cancer. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the FDG-PET/CT of509 patients who underwent surgery for colorectal cancer. Subgroup analysis was performed according to chemotherapystatus; 401 patients were not treated with chemotherapyand 108 patients were treated with chemotherapywithin 6 months prior to surgery. Pathologic analysis of thesurgical specimen was used as the gold standard. Results:The M-SUV was significantly lower in patients treated withchemotherapy than in those not treated with chemotherapyin pathologically confirmed same stages of disease. Thedifference in the sensitivity of the M-SUV according to chemotherapystatus was greatest using a cutoff M-SUV valueof 6.4 (p<0.001). The longest diameter of the primary tumorwas the most important factor that correlated with M-SUV ofthe primary tumor irrespective of the chemotherapy effect(p<0.001). The M-SUV of the primary tumor was not an independentpredictor of lymph node metastasis in colorectalcancer. Conclusions: The results indicate that the M-SUV ofFDG-PET/CT should be interpreted in the context of concurrentchemotherapy.

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