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Background: Epigenetic alteration may affect a patient’s prognosis by altering the development and progression of the tumor. Some recent reports have identified a correlation between histone modification and patient outcome. However, no studies have been conducted on global histone modification in osteosarcomas. Methods: We investigated histone modification in 54 cases of osteosarcoma by performing immunohistochemical staining. The immunohistochemical expres­sion of four histone modification markers, acetylated H4 lysine 12 (H4K12Ac), acetylated H3 ly­sine 18, trimethylated H3 lysine 27, and dimethylated H3 lysine 4 were evaluated. Results: High H4K12Ac expression was correlated with patient age (p=0.011). However, the other histone mod­ification markers showed no correlation with any of the clinicopathological data such as survival, tumor grade, tumor site, metastasis, age, or gender. Conclusions: Our study showed that all four histone modification markers are expressed in osteosarcoma (median expression rate, 40 to 60%). However, we did not find a correlation with the clinicopathological factors except for age. Further study to evaluate the reason for the association between H4K12Ac and patient age is needed.

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