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Purpose: Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are known to be potentially effective in regeneration of damaged tissue. We aimedto assess the effectiveness of intracoronary administration of ADSCs in reducing the infarction area and improving function afteracute transmural myocardial infarction (MI) in a porcine model. Materials and Methods: ADSCs were obtained from each pig’s abdominal subcutaneous fat tissue by simple liposuction. After 3passages of 14-days culture, 2 million ADSCs were injected into the coronary artery 30 min after acute transmural MI. At baselineand 4 weeks after the ADSC injection, 99mTc methoxyisobutylisonitrile-single photon emission computed tomography (MIBISPECT)was performed to evaluate the left ventricular volume, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF; %), and perfusion defectsas well as the myocardial salvage (%) and salvage index. At 4 weeks, each pig was sacrificed, and the heart was extracted and dissected. Gross and microscopic analyses with specific immunohistochemistry staining were then performed. Results: Analysis showed improvement in the perfusion defect, but not in the LVEF in the ADSC group (n=14), compared withthe control group (n=14) (perfusion defect, -13.0±10.0 vs. -2.6±12.0, p=0.019; LVEF, -8.0±15.4 vs. -15.9±14.8, p=0.181). There was atendency of reducing left ventricular volume in ADSC group. The ADSCs identified by stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) stainingwere well co-localized by von Willebrand factor and Troponin T staining. Conclusion: Intracoronary injection of cultured ADSCs improved myocardial perfusion in this porcine acute transmural MImodel.

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