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The present study investigated the retention of correctly inferred word meanings by Korean EFL learners addressing two questions: (1) whether there is any relationship between ease/difficulty of lexical inferencing and the subsequent retention of the inferred words and (2) whether elaboration of word processing has any effect on retention. Fifty-eight participants at a high-intermediate level inferred the meanings of ten unfamiliar words while reading a given text, and then only experimental group carried out two tasks for the purpose of elaboration of word processing. To measure retention rate, a pre-test and a delayed post-test were used. The data were analyzed by Pearson's correlation analysis, and the results showed that there was a negative relationship between ease of inferencing and the retention of successfully inferred words. The results of independent- samples t-tests indicated that elaboration of word processing was effective in increasing retention rate. Pedagogically, the findings of the study suggest that it is necessary to develop a strong link between correct inferencing and subsequent retention in order to promote L2 vocabulary acquisition. Extensive reading in an EFL setting needs to be complemented by tasks and exercises to promote deeper lexical processing and facilitate elaboration of new vocabulary.
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