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For many years, it has been demonstrated thattheir potential as therapeutic agents for the treatment ofneurodegenerative diseases. We generated adenoviral vectorsencoding brain-derived neutotrophin factor (BDNF) andneurotrophin-3 (NT3) and tested either separately or togetherfor the ability to induce differentiation of neuronal precursor cellswith two diferent origins. Separate transduction of adenovirusdelivering BDNF (BDNF-Ad) or NT3 (NT3-Ad) induced theneuronal differentiation in hippocampal and cortical precursor cells.Ad infected cells had longer neurites. In the early differentiationof hippocampal precursor cells, simultaneous infection of BDNF-Ad and NT3-Ad promoted further diferentiation and neuriteelongation compared with the separate infection of each virus.In contrast, simultaneous infection did not show the synergisticeffect in the cortical precursor cells, suggesting that theneurotrophins play distinct roles in diferent regions of the brain.However, the numbers of neurites and spines per diferentiatedcells were markedly increased in cortical as well as hippocampalelongation and formation of dendritic spine, when BDNF-Adand NT3-Ad were co-infected. These results sugest morestudies in the effect of a combinatorial use of neurotrophinson different sites of brain need to be carried out to developgene therapy protocols for neurodegenerative diseases.

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