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논문 기본 정보

자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
Hamid Iqbal (Sungkyunkwan University) Dong-kwon Rhee (Sungkyunkwan University)
저널정보
고려인삼학회 Journal of Ginseng Research Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.2
발행연도
2020.3
수록면
194 - 204 (11page)

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초록· 키워드

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The detrimental impact of air pollution as a result of frequent exposure to fine particles posed a global public health risk mainly to the pulmonary disorders in pediatric and geriatric population. Here, we reviewed the current literature regarding the role of ginseng and/or its components as antimicrobials, especially against pathogens that cause respiratory infections in animal and in vitro models. Some of the possible mechanisms for ginseng-mediated viral inhibition suggested are improvements in systemic and mucosa-specific antibody responses, serum hemagglutinin inhibition, lymphocyte proliferation, cell survival rate, and viral clearance in the lungs. In addition, ginseng reduces the expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines (IFN-g, TNF-a, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8) and chemokines produced by airway epithelial cells and macrophages, thus preventing weight loss. In case of bacterial infections, ginseng acts by alleviating inflammatory cytokine production, increasing survival rates, and activating phagocytes and natural killer cells. In addition, ginseng inhibits biofilm formation and induces the dispersion and dissolution of mature biofilms. Most clinical trials revealed that ginseng, at various dosages, is a safe and effective method of seasonal prophylaxis, relieving the symptoms and reducing the risk and duration of colds and flu. Taken together, these findings support the efficacy of ginseng as a therapeutic and prophylactic agent for respiratory infections.

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ABSTRACT
1. Introduction
2. Effect of ginseng on respiratory virus infections
3. Effects of ginseng on bacterial infections
4. Human trials evaluating the effect of ginseng on respiratory pathogens
5. Concluding remarks
6. Future perspectives
References

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