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연구자들이 자신의 연구와 전문성을 널리 알리고, 새로운 협력의 기회를 만들 수 있는 네트워킹 공간이에요.
논문 기본 정보
- 자료유형
- 학술저널
- 저자정보
- 발행연도
- 2021.1
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Basically, cancer is a disease initiated by mutations in the genome. However, cancer is regarded not only as a genetical diseasebut also an immunological disease because cancer cellscan be targeted by the immune system. The immune system recognizesmutated proteins as non-self, foreign antigens, so-calledneoantigens, and exerts diverse effector functions to eliminatetumor cells. Anti-tumor immune responses resemble immuneresponses against viruses. In anti-tumor immune responses, CD8+and CD4+ T cells are the main effector cells. In addition, dendriticcells (DCs) play a crucial role in the priming of CD8+ andCD4+ T cells, and natural killer (NK) cells also contribute to theanti-tumor immune responses. Recently, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), including antibodiesagainst cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), and programmed cell deathligand 1 (PD-L1), became available for the treatment of varioustypes of cancer. Moreover, chimeric antigenic receptor (CAR)-Tcells have been successfully used to treat hematologic malignancies. However, current cancer immunotherapy has some limitations. ICIs fail to control tumors in a considerable proportionof cancer patients and CAR-T cell therapy does not effectivelycontrol solid tumors. To overcome these limitations, further researchand development are required.
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