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초록· 키워드
Attachment theory provides a valuable framework for understanding the developmental origins of vulnerabilities for depression. Internal working models, which are mental representations of self and other in early attachment relationships, are influential into adulthood. Anxiously attached individuals are excessively dependent on others, are unable to distance themselves from conflictual relationships, and become vulnerable to unipolar affective disorders in the presence of loss and abandonment. Avoidant individuals tend to inhibit access to negative affect and their self-isolation and self-criticism make them also vulnerable to depressive symptoms. The dialogue of caregiver-infant attunement correlates with its accompanying neurobiological states, and these states may promote the wiring of healthy brain circuitry. By regulating affect, the caregiver is also regulating the release of neurohormones in the infant's brain. Attachment theory had particular relevance for psychotherapy, which view the therapist as functioning to “provide the patient with a secure base from which to explore both himself and also his relations with all those with whom he has made an affectional bond.” Attachment theory has provided a framework for many types of psychotherapy. Attachment organization has been shown to act as moderator of both psychotherapy process and outcome, a potential indicator for choosing type of treatment.
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