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논문 기본 정보

자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
심유미 (서울대학교 의과대학) 김성익 (건국대교 의과대학) So Dug Lim (Department of Pathology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.) 이광훈 (서울대학교 의과대학) Eric Eunshik Kim (서울대학교 의과대학) Jae Kyung Won (Seoul National University College of Medicine) Sung-Hye Park (Seoul National University College of Medicine)
저널정보
한국뇌신경과학회 Experimental Neurobiology Experimental Neurobiology Vol.33 No.1
발행연도
2024.2
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1 - 17 (17page)

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Autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) is a type of immunoreactive encephalitic disorder and is recognized as the most prevalent noninfectious encephalitis. Nevertheless, the rarity of definitive AIE diagnosis through biopsy or autopsy represents a significant hurdle to understanding and managing the disease. In this article, we present the pathological findings of AIE and review the literature based on a distinct case of AIE presenting as CD8+ T-lymphocyte predominant encephalitis. We describe the clinical progression, diagnostic imaging, laboratory data, and autopsy findings of an 80-year-old deceased male patient. The patient was diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis 6 months before death and received appropriate medications. A week before admission to the hospital, the patient manifested symptoms such as a tendency to sleep, decreased appetite, and confusion. Although the patient temporally improved with medication including correction of hyponatremia, the patient progressed rapidly and died in 6 weeks. The brain tissue revealed lymphocytic infiltration in the gray and white matter, leptomeninges, and perivascular infiltration with a predominance of CD8+ T lymphocytes, suggesting a case of AIE. There was no detectable evidence of viral infection or underlying neoplasm. The autopsy revealed that this patient also had Alzheimer’s disease, atherosclerosis, arteriolosclerosis, and aging-related tau astrogliopathy. This report emphasizes the pivotal role of pathological examination in the diagnosis of AIE, especially when serological autoantibody testing is not available or when a patient is suspected of having multiple diseases.

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