Purpose: This study aimed to identify the effects of teamwork, job esteem, and job satisfaction on the competency of hospital nurses. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 162 hospital nurses with more than 1 year of work experience. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the t-test, x2 test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis with SPSS program. Results: The participates’ mean nursing competency score was 3.73±0.48 (total score=5), and a significant positive correlation was found between teamwork (r=.50, p<.001), job esteem (r=.59, p<.001), and job satisfaction (r=.54, p<.001). The regression analysis revealed that the job esteem (β=.27, p=.034), teamwork (β=.25, p=.003), education (β=.18, p=.020), and gender (β=.13, p=.036) significantly affect the competency of hospital nurses; the explanatory power was 40% (F=18.94, p<.001). Conclusion: It is necessary to improve workplace organizational culture to enhance nurses' job esteem. Additionally, it is essential to develop programs based on cooperative work relationships for employees to perform their roles as team members. Moreover, different intervention strategies should be developed to enable male nurses to demonstrate their competencies. This will enhance nursing competency and ultimately improve the quality of patient care.