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초록· 키워드
It goes without saying that for us Japanese, Lu Xun’s literature belongs to foreign literature. In university general education courses, Chinese is taught as one of the foreign languages, and sometimes textbooks draw on Lu Xun’s novels. Although Lu Xun’s works may not be entirely suitable as textbooks for learning basic modern Mandarin today, they are still included in foundational Chinese language courses with the aim of reading excellent classics of modern Chinese literature and engaging with familiar translations of the original texts.
Universities that have Chinese literature majors typically offer a course called “Seminar on Modern Chinese Literature.” One way of conducting this seminar is the “discussion class,” in which students first prepare reports on a given topic and then engage in discussion based on those reports. Another method is to read literary works together with the students, striving for as precise a comprehension of the language as possible and as deep an understanding of the literature as possible. This method can be called a “close reading class.” As a means of strengthening the fundamental skills of literary research—through careful textual analysis—this approach has traditionally been highly valued.
In a close reading class, the instructor first reads the original text aloud, translates it into Japanese, and provides some explanation. Discussion then follows, with any misinterpretations or mistranslations by the instructor corrected, and the shared understanding or points of uncertainty confirmed collaboratively on the spot. Of course, it is crucial for students to read using their own minds and hearts; thus, even if a translation already exists, the original text can still be used as teaching material. Lu Xun’s works have already been published in a complete translation series, so any selected work has an available translation. In such cases, it is also possible to study and critique the already published translations.
In summary, this method may resemble the way Chinese students study classical Chinese literature. Naturally, formally published translations are clearly distinct from classroom reading. Yet, as a background or foundation for official translations, classroom reading often plays an extremely important role.
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