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논문 기본 정보

저자정보
(Independent Researcher)
저널정보
국제인공지능학회 The International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication The International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication Vol.18 No.5
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    초록·키워드

    With the recent significant improvement in the performance of Transformer-based language models, the importance of explainability regarding the internal processes that generate prediction results has increased. However, relying solely on observational metrics such as attention weights to determine whether specific components contribute to actual predictions has limitations. Accordingly, this study constructed a small-scale Decoder-only Transformer and analyzed layer-by-layer internal representations, attention, ablation, and gradients. The model was trained using data on capitals, currencies, and continental relationships, and the reproducibility of the results was verified through repeated experiments with five different seeds. The experimental results showed that while the internal representation of the ground truth token became increasingly clear as the layers deepened, the most significant performance degradation was consistently observed when the initial layer was removed during layer ablation. Furthermore, although the number of the most important attention head varied depending on the seed, it appeared in Layer 1 in all cases. This demonstrates that the explicitness of information observed in internal representations does not necessarily correlate with the functional importance of actual predictions. This study proposes a method to analyze the internal prediction mechanism of Transformers by combining attention visualization with ablation-based interventions.

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