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한국생활과학회 한국생활과학회지 한국생활과학회지 제35권 제5호
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    초록·키워드

    This study examined the longitudinal relationship between adolescents' social withdrawal and smartphone dependency, analyzing both between-person and within-person levels while considering gender differences. The participants included 1,874 adolescents from the middle school cohort of the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey 2018 (KCYPS 2018). Data from Waves 1 to 6 (from the first year of middle school to the third year of high school) were analyzed using a Random Intercept Cross-Lagged Panel Model (RI-CLPM) and multi-group analysis.
    The findings indicated a significant positive correlation between the random intercepts of social withdrawal and smartphone dependency at the between-person level. At the within-person level, both variables demonstrated significant positive autoregressive effects throughout adolescence. However, cross-lagged effects were largely not significant, with the exception of a notable negative effect of smartphone dependency in the first year of high school on social withdrawal in the second year. The multi-group analysis revealed limited gender differences, which were evident only between the second and third years of high school. During this period, the autoregressive effect of social withdrawal was stronger for females, while the autoregressive effect of smartphone dependency was stronger for males. Additionally, a significant negative cross-lagged effect of smartphone dependency on subsequent social withdrawal was observed only among females. These results suggest that the relationship between adolescents' social withdrawal and smartphone dependency is influenced by a complex interplay of stable baseline traits, developmental stages, and gender-related contexts.

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