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초록·키워드
Chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) are a cold-water species whose growth, survival, and physiology are strongly influenced by water temperature. This study evaluated the stress responses of juvenile chum salmon to identify their optimal habitat temperature. In the rearing temperature experiment, fish were reared at 10, 12, 14, 16, and 18°C; in the temperature change experiment, the water temperature was rapidly decreased from 12°C to 6°C and 8°C or increased to 16°C and 18°C. In the rearing temperature experiment, cortisol and glucose levels were lowest at 12–16°C and lactate levels at 12–14°C, and these levels increased at the other temperatures. After rapid temperature changes, cortisol levels increased significantly with both cooling and warming, peaking when the temperature was decreased to 6°C. Glucose did not differ from the control at 16°C but increased at 6, 8, and 18°C. Triglyceride and Cl- levels differed significantly upon cooling (6°C and 8°C), whereas lactate levels increased under all temperature change conditions. Na+ concentrations were unaffected by the temperature changes, whereas cholesterol levels were affected only by the most rapid change (1.0°C/4 h). Overall, juvenile chum salmon experienced the least stress at 12–16°C, and the stress response was greatest when the water temperature dropped sharply below 10°C.
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