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Springer Science and Business Media LLC Communications Biology 6(1)
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    초록·키워드

    Dihydroartemisinin (DHA), a potent antimalarial drug, also exhibits distinct property in modulation on T<sub>reg</sub> and B cells, which has been recognized for decades, but the underlying mechanisms remain understood. Herein we revealed that DHA could promote T<sub>reg</sub> proliferation, meanwhile, suppress B cell expansion in germinal centers, and consequently decrease the number of circulating plasma cells and the content of serum immunoglobulins. Further, DHA-activated T<sub>reg</sub> significantly mitigated lipopolysaccharide-induced and malaria-associated inflammation. All these scenarios were attributed to the upregulation of c-Fos expression by DHA and enhancement of its interaction with target genes in both T<sub>reg</sub> and circulating plasma cells with bilateral cell fates. In T<sub>reg</sub>, the c-Fos-DHA complex upregulated cell proliferation-associated genes and promoted cell expansion; whereas in plasma cells, it upregulated the apoptosis-related genes resulting in decreased circulating plasma cells. Thus, the bilateral immunoregulatory mechanism of DHA was elucidated and its application in the treatment of autoimmune diseases is further justified.

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