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Springer Science and Business Media LLC Nature Communications 15(1)
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    초록·키워드

    The voltage-gated calcium channel Ca<sub>V</sub>1.2 is essential for cardiac and vessel smooth muscle contractility and brain function. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that malfunctions of Ca<sub>V</sub>1.2 are involved in brain and heart diseases. Pharmacological inhibition of Ca<sub>V</sub>1.2 is therefore of therapeutic value. Here, we report cryo-EM structures of Ca<sub>V</sub>1.2 in the absence or presence of the antirheumatic drug tetrandrine or antihypertensive drug benidipine. Tetrandrine acts as a pore blocker in a pocket composed of S6<sup>II</sup>, S6<sup>III</sup>, and S6<sup>IV</sup> helices and forms extensive hydrophobic interactions with Ca<sub>V</sub>1.2. Our structure elucidates that benidipine is located in the D<sub>III</sub>-D<sub>IV</sub> fenestration site. Its hydrophobic sidechain, phenylpiperidine, is positioned at the exterior of the pore domain and cradled within a hydrophobic pocket formed by S5<sup>DIII</sup>, S6<sup>DIII</sup>, and S6<sup>DIV</sup> helices, providing additional interactions to exert inhibitory effects on both L-type and T-type voltage gated calcium channels. These findings provide the structural foundation for the rational design and optimization of therapeutic inhibitors of voltage-gated calcium channels.

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