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    초록·키워드

    Breast milk naturally contains lactic acid bacteria, but their precise origin remains a subject of debate. In this study, we utilized a rat mastitis animal model to investigate the potential of a breast milk-derived probiotic strain, <i>Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus</i> Probio-M9, in alleviating mastitis and enhancing the efficacy of antibiotic treatment. Through histopathological analysis of mammary tissue, we observed that Probio-M9 effectively relieved mastitis, mitigated inflammation, and improved the response to antibiotic treatment. Metagenomic analysis further revealed that Probio-M9 enhanced interactions among gut microbes, accompanied by an increase in the relative abundance of <i>Ruminococcaceae</i> and the regulation of specific genes and carbohydrate-active enzymes, subsequently impacting host immunity. Additionally, an intriguing finding was the translocation of live Probio-M9 from the gut to the mammary tissue only during bacterial mastitis and lactation, likely facilitated through lymphatic circulation. These findings advance our understanding of the intricate gut-mammary axis and provide valuable insights into the potential health benefits of probiotic interventions.

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