인문학
사회과학
자연과학
공학
의약학
농수해양학
예술체육학
복합학
DBpia AI
AI 에이전트
AI 아이디어
AI 리더
AI 뷰어
Citeasy
크롬 서지관리 다운로드
지원사업
학술연구/단체지원/교육 등 연구자 활동을 지속하도록 DBpia가 지원하고 있어요.
커뮤니티
연구자들이 자신의 연구와 전문성을 널리 알리고, 새로운 협력의 기회를 만들 수 있는 네트워킹 공간이에요.
초록·키워드
Ubiquitin-like proteins (UBLs) constitute a family of evolutionarily conserved proteins that share similarities with ubiquitin in 3D structures and modification mechanisms. For most UBLs including small-ubiquitin-like modifiers (SUMO), their modification sites on substrate proteins cannot be identified using the mass spectrometry-based method that has been successful for identifying ubiquitination sites, unless a UBL protein is mutated accordingly. To identify UBL modification sites without having to mutate UBL, we have developed a dedicated search engine pLink-UBL on the basis of pLink, a software tool for the identification of cross-linked peptide pairs. pLink-UBL exhibited superior precision, sensitivity, and speed than "make-do" search engines such as MaxQuant, pFind, and pLink. For example, compared to MaxQuant, pLink-UBL increased the number of identified SUMOylation sites by 50 ∼ 300% from the same datasets. Additionally, we present a method for identifying small-molecule modifications of UBLs. This method involves antibody enrichment of a UBL C-terminal peptide following enrichment of a UBL protein, followed by LC-MS/MS analysis and a pFind 3 blind search to identify unexpected modifications. Using this method, we have discovered nonprotein substrates of SUMO, of which spermidine is the major one for fission yeast SUMO Pmt3. Spermidine can be conjugated to the C-terminal carboxylate group of Pmt3 through its N<sup>1</sup> or also likely, N<sup>8</sup> amino group in the presence of SUMO E1, E2, and ATP. Pmt3-spermidine conjugation does not require E3 and can be reversed by SUMO isopeptidase Ulp1. SUMO-spermidine conjugation is present in mice and humans. Also, spermidine can be conjugated to ubiquitin in vitro by E1 and E2 in the presence of ATP. The above observations suggest that spermidine may be a common small molecule substrate of SUMO and possibly ubiquitin across eukaryotic species.
인공지능 문자 인식 모델을 통해 추출된 텍스트로, 일부 오타나 오류가 포함될 수 있으나 지속적으로 개선 중입니다.
오류를 발견하셨다면 해당 부분을 드래그한 후 ' 를 통해 신고해주세요.
오류를 발견하셨다면 해당 부분을 드래그한 후 ' 를 통해 신고해주세요.
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