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초록·키워드
Abstract Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) show promise in biomedicine due to their stability and beneficial attributes, including antimicrobial, antifungal, and anticancer properties. However, their toxicity raises concerns that require improvements in biocompatibility. Doping with transition metals, like yttrium (Y), effectively addresses these issues while enhancing antioxidant activity. The present study aims to synthesize Y-doped CuO NPs and characterize them using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The cytotoxic effect of Y–CuO NPs against human normal fibroblast (BJ-1) was evaluated. Furthermore, the study examines the bioactive properties of Y–CuO NPs, emphasizing their capabilities in antioxidant, anti-Alzheimer’s, anti-arthritic, and anti-diabetic potentials. A monoclinic crystalline structure of Y–CuO NPs was successfully synthesized with a mean size of 10.563 nm ± 2.204. Y–CuO NPs have low cytotoxic potential against BJ-1 cell lines, with an IC 50 of 335.93 ± 6.36 μg mL −1 . Y–CuO NPs (50, 100, 200 μg mL −1 ) show antioxidant activity, reducing total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and iron reducing power (IRP) dose-dependently. It shows the highest effect at 200 μg mL −1 , with TAC at 103.27 ± 0.87 mg gallic acid g −1 and IRP at 89.18 ± 1.08 μg mL −1 . Y–CuO NPs scavenge 50 % of DPPH radicals with an IC 50 value of 117.81 ± 0.40 μg mL −1 and 94.61 ± 0.13 μg mL −1 for ABTS. The nanoparticles’ scavenging activity shows an IC 50 of 159.35 ± 0.10 μg mL −1 for nitric oxide, 189.324 ± 0.20 μg mL −1 for OH, and 151.02 ± 0.03 μg mL −1 for H 2 O 2 , respectively. Y–CuO NPs show anti-Alzheimer’s, anti-arthritic, and anti-diabetic activities by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) (IC 50 = 172.19 ± 0.14), proteinase (IC 50 = 155.96 ± 0.11), α-amylase (IC 50 = 103.39 ± 0.07), and (IC 50 = 144.41 ± 0.10) α-glucosidase enzymes, respectively. Y 3+ doping promotes the formation of oxygen vacancies that enhance redox and enzymatic activity in Y–CuO NPs. This study explores the biological potential of synthetically formed Y–CuO NPs for future biomedical uses. The findings are preliminary enzyme-inhibition screens awaiting in vivo confirmation.
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