인문학
사회과학
자연과학
공학
의약학
농수해양학
예술체육학
복합학
DBpia AI
AI 에이전트
AI 아이디어
AI 리더
AI 뷰어
Citeasy
크롬 서지관리 다운로드
지원사업
학술연구/단체지원/교육 등 연구자 활동을 지속하도록 DBpia가 지원하고 있어요.
커뮤니티
연구자들이 자신의 연구와 전문성을 널리 알리고, 새로운 협력의 기회를 만들 수 있는 네트워킹 공간이에요.
초록·키워드
Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare condition in the spectrum of breast cancer. It is most commonly diagnosed in men between the ages of 60 and 70, with an average age of 67 at diagnosis. MBC accounts for less than 1% of all breast cancer cases, with incidence varying across ethnic groups. Rates are highest among non-Hispanic Black men (1.89 per 100,000). Elevated incidence in South and Central Africa may be linked to hyperestrogenism from liver infections. Occult male breast cancer is extremely rare, accounting for only 0.3%–1% of all cases of breast cancer. Genetic predispositions, especially BRCA2 mutations, significantly increase the risk of MBC greater than BRCA1 mutations. The most frequent histological type is infiltrating ductal carcinoma, while invasive lobular carcinoma is exceptionally uncommon. MBC tumours are typically hormone receptor-positive. Key risk factors for MBC include older age, black ethnicity, genetic mutations, family history, liver cirrhosis, and testicular disorders. Most patients present with painless breast lumps, and about 50% have lymph node involvement at diagnosis. A 61-year-old male presented with a 6-year history of non-tender swelling in the left axilla, with no associated systemic symptoms. Clinical examination revealed matted, erythematous lymph nodes, prompting fine needle aspiration and subsequent excision biopsy. Cytology demonstrated markedly atypical tumour cells with a high N: C ratio and significant pleomorphism. Histopathology of the lymph node confirmed effaced architecture with malignant cells arranged in sheets, cords, and cohesive tumour nests, along with capsular invasion. Immunohistochemistry showed CK7 and GATA3 positivity and strong HER2 (3+) expression, while ER, PR, Mammaglobin, and CK20 were negative—findings consistent with metastatic HER2-positive primary breast carcinoma. Positron emission tomography imaging revealed metabolically active axillary and deep pectoral nodes. The patient received neoadjuvant chemotherapy with docetaxel, carboplatin, trastuzumab, and filgrastim, followed by modified radical mastectomy with the breast parenchyma showing ypT0, ypN1a post 4 cycles of NACT. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges of male breast cancer, particularly when presenting solely as axillary lymphadenopathy. Immunohistochemistry and positron emission tomography play an essential role in establishing diagnosis and staging. Timely neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgery achieved primary tumour clearance, underscoring the importance of early suspicion, comprehensive evaluation, and guideline-based management of HER2-positive MBC.
인공지능 문자 인식 모델을 통해 추출된 텍스트로, 일부 오타나 오류가 포함될 수 있으나 지속적으로 개선 중입니다.
오류를 발견하셨다면 해당 부분을 드래그한 후 ' 를 통해 신고해주세요.
오류를 발견하셨다면 해당 부분을 드래그한 후 ' 를 통해 신고해주세요.
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