Our country newly enacted the Basic Act on Low Carbon Green Growth in April of 2012, and is stirring up the energy saving and the greenhouse gas emission reduction in the construction sector in order to implement the Greenhouse Gas Reduction Target by 18.1% in the construction sector, which was announced by the Paris Climate Change Conference in 2015.
The building energy efficiency rating, which is being enforced in our country aiming to reduce greenhouse gas and to curtail the nation''s whole energy consumption in the construction sector, is a system that evaluates the energy use efficiency depending on energy consumption for fundamentally diminishing energy demand and improving energy efficiency in the construction sector through developing and supplying green buildings.
With escaping from the current stage that the system, which is being operated focusing on the mandatory rules led by the government, drives the spread in low-energy buildings through a means dubbed obligation or incentive offer, there is a need to grasp an influential level upon a price with quantifying the cost savings effect according to energy performance in order to be reflected and evaluated as a value in a market.
Accordingly, this study, first, aims to verify effectiveness of the Building Energy Efficiency Rating system that is being implemented now. The aim is to figure out whether the heating-cost cutting effect in multi-family housing is being indicated at the stage of maintenance in line with the original purport of introduction called the improvement in energy efficiency.
Second, the aim is to confirm whether it is being reflected in the housing value of a market if the energy-saving effect is appearing. That is because of being likely followed an effort to improve energy performance and of being presumably able to expect the autonomous diffusion in low energy buildings if a house with high energy efficiency is evaluated a high value in a market.
With this research objective, this study tried to verify the effectiveness of a system, which is being enforced now, after carrying out an empirical analysis on the influence upon heating management expense targeting apartment houses that acquired the main certification of the building energy efficiency rating in capital area of including Seoul and in Daejeon and Sejong city area. And whether the heating-energy cutting effect has an impact even on a multi-family housing price tried to be identified through a regression analysis.
As a result of the research, it could be confirmed that the energy-saving effect & the effectiveness of the system in the energy efficiency rating system, and the building energy efficiency are being reflected in the housing value. However, as seen in the analytical outcome, the effect of the building energy efficiency appears to be insignificant yet. Also, actual users tend to have low awareness on the housing energy efficiency. To be spread and supplied a house with high energy efficiency in the future, the following tasks seem to be necessary.
First, a privately-led market needs to be vitalized. The compulsory certification system, which is initiated by the government, is dropped effectiveness and is difficult to be expected the voluntary spread. In order for a construction company of supplying houses to expand the provision of a low-energy house and even for consumers to have in interest, the structure should be made in which the higher energy efficiency in a housing market leads to the more growth in a value. To do this, it seems to be necessary to implement a quantified empirical case so that the energy saving can be linked to a practical cost reduction, and even to reflect it given the appraisal and assessment.
Second, a review is needed on the adequacy of incentive, which is being provided to a business operator who supplies a house with high energy efficiency. There is a need to allow an incentive at a proper level to be offered by quantifying the reduced cost compared to the paid cost for enhancing energy performance. Based on the quantified basic data, an institutional device should be supplemented so that the construction cost, which was grown according to the improvement in energy performance, can be given benefits such as low-interest mortgage lending, a support for the interest, extension in redemption period, and so that incentives such as easing the floor area and decreasing tax can be offered at a level enough to offset construction cost, which is consumed in increasing energy efficiency.
Third, the more monetary reward needs to be allowed to return even to a real owner and user as well as to an enterprise. The property tax is being reduced now for 5 years after acquiring the certification. But even a method is available that extends the period of reduction and that compensates cost depending on an energy-saving result at the stage of use. To push ahead with this project, an effort is also needed that raises energy fund through the combination of policy financing and private finance, and that develops a program of being connected with financial world.
Fourth, it is the strengthening in publicity and information offer. It is being obliged to include the building efficiency rating information and EPC(Energy Performance Certificate) in a contract given the current transaction of real estate lease and sale. But its recognition is low. What offers manual service on the detailed item of maintenance in the energy sector is also a possible method so that the government can provide information on this system through positive promotion, and so that an owner can apply the building energy efficiency to the management planning establishment & operation, and maintenance.
Fifth, the government has to implement a system of generalizing the policy through unifying a management agency with integrating a overlapped part in the energy-related system, which is being operated, respectively, by being divided into the green building certification, the energy-saving eco-friendly housing performance, the energy efficiency rating, and the energy-saving plan. In addition, the sustainable investment should be made in a new technology field related to energy.
Sixth, there is a need to make it available for being secured professionalism and objectivity in a field relevant to energy. There is a need to arrange space so that manpower with expertise can be active like an energy assessor who is produced now, to objectify the standard so that evaluation cannot be made by the energy assessor''s subjective judgment, and to be guaranteed transparency of the evaluation procedure and method.
Through this study, the energy efficiency rating and the total energy saving percentage were indicated to have influence upon heating cost, rental price and sale price in multi-family housing. Thus, the building energy efficiency could be confirmed to function as a factor of forming a price of multi-family housing. However, this study restricted the subject to a complex unit. Hence, the limitation of the research will be considered to be what failed to reflect with subdividing an individual characteristic and a local characteristic a little more in households of having an effect on heating consumption such as family member composition, lifestyle, and income level. An additional quantitative analysis research on the building energy efficiency rating system seems to be likely necessary down the road.
This study made an attempt of connecting an energy cost with a housing value through the so-called building energy efficiency rating system. However, it is the real situation that there have been few researches with the approach to the building energy in the cost-based aspect so far. More brisk research is expected to be performed in terms of this henceforth.