본 연구는 불교 의식 중 상주권공재에서 연행되는 작법무의 춤사위에 대하여 상주권 공재의 의식 구성 절차와 법문내용, 작법무의 종류, 그리고 작법무의 춤사위 분석을 통하여 다음과 같은 결과를 도출하였다.

첫째. 상주권공재의 의식절차는 시련, 대령, 관욕, 신중단, 상단권공, 관음시식, 봉송 등 총 7개의 의식절차로 구성되어 있다. 이 절차들 중 작법무가 출현하는 절차는 “시 련”, “대령”, “관욕”, “신중단”, “상단권공” 등 총 4개의 의식 절차에서 나비작법무 , 바라작법무, 법고작법무가 연행된다.

둘째, 작법무가 연행되는 절차별 사용 작법무는 제 1절차 “시련” 절차에서는 ‘옹호게’ 과장에서 요잡 바라작법무, ‘다게’과장에서는 다게 나비작법무, 막바라작법무, 사방요신 나비작법무, ‘긔경’ 과장에서는 귀경 나비작법무, 사방요신 나비작법무, 요잡 바라작법무, 법고작법무가 연행된다. 제 3절차 ‘관욕’은 ‘관욕게’ 과장에서 관욕게 바라작법무, 화의재진언 과장은 의재진언 바라작법무를 연행한다. 제4절차인 “신중단” 절차의 경우 ‘옹호게’ 과장은 요잡 바라작법무, ‘다게’ 과장은 요잡 바라작법무를 연행한다. 제 5절차 “상단권공”의 경우 ‘정례’ 과장은 정례 나비작법무, ‘천수바라’ 과장은 천수바라작법무, ‘도량게’ 과장은 도량게 나비작법무, 사방요신 나비작법무, 요잡 바라작법무, 법고작법무, ‘삼남태’ 과장은 다게 나비작법무, 요잡 바라작법무, ‘향화청’ 과장은 내림게 바라작법무, ‘욕건만나라’ 과장은 다게 나비작법무, ‘다게’ 과장은 요잡 바라작법무, 사방요신 나비작법무, 법고작법무, ‘사다라니’ 과장은 사다라니 바라작법무, ‘운심게’ 과장에서는 운심게 나비작법무, 요잡 바라작법무, 사방요신 나비작법무 등이 연행된다.

셋째, ‘불보의 춤’인 나비작법무의 상체 중심의 춤사위는 ‘합장 사위’, ‘차고 나가기 사위’. ‘양손 벌리기 사위’, ‘양손 접는 사위’, ‘치기 사위’, ‘양팔 벌리고 앉기 사위’, ‘사선으로 서고 앉기 사위’, ‘정면으로 무릎 꿇고 앉는 사위’, ‘ 뒤로 젖히기 사위’, ‘앞으로 숙이기 사위’, ‘쳐올리기 사위’, ‘꽃치기 사위’, ‘마주보고 앉기 사위’, ‘등지고 앉기 사위’, ‘엇갈려 앉기 사위’ 등 총 15가지, 하체 중심 춤사위의 종류는 ‘발 차고 나기기 사위’, ‘90도 회전 사위’. ‘무릎구부리기 사위’, ‘무릎 피는 사위’, ‘앉는 사위’ 등 총 5가지의 춤사위로 구성되어 있다.

넷째, ‘법보의 춤’인 바라작법무의 상체중심 춤사위 종류는 ‘바라 합장사위’, ‘바라 올리는 사위’, ‘바라 내리는 사위’, ‘한 손씩 올리는 사위’, ‘양손 올리는 사위’, ‘바라 울리는 사위’, ‘양손 치기 사위’, ‘머리 위에서 울리는 사위’, ‘머리 위에서 내려 울리는 사위’, ‘바닥에서 울리기 사위’, ‘두 손 모아 치고 뒤로 넘기기 사위’ 등 총 11가지, 하체 중심 춤사위의 종류는 ‘무릎 구부리고 피며 이동하는 사위’, ‘회전 사위’ 등 총 2가지의 춤사위로 구성되어 있다.

다섯째, ‘승보의 춤’인 법고작법무의 상체 중심 춤사위의 종류는 ‘북채 모으는 사위’, ‘변죽 훓기 및 치는 사위’, ‘손 엮기 사위’, ‘어르기 사위’, ‘양손치기 사위’, ‘북채 넣기 사위’, ‘좌우치기 사위’, ‘숨고르기 사위’, ‘북채로 목감기 사위’, ‘허리젖혀 변죽돌기 사위’, ‘정치기 사위’, ‘마무리 사위’등 총 12가지, 하체 중심 춤사위 종류는 ‘빠른 걸음 이동 사위’, ‘양발 뒤꿈치 들기 사위’, ‘발 모으기 사위’, ‘돌기 사위’, ‘뒤꿈치 들기 사위’, ‘한발 들기 사위’, ‘무릎 들기 사위’, ‘무릎 굽혀 회전하는 사위’, ‘도는 사위’ 등 총 9가지의 춤사위로 구성되어 있다.
불교 의식에서 연행되는 작법무 동작 분석을 통해 상주권공재의 작법무는 불교의 이념을 춤사위라는 방편을 통해 종교적 이념 구현과 의미를 상징화한 춤이라는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 작법무는 몸 동작의 절제를 통해 정적인 춤사위를 극대화하여 경건함과 정중함을 표현하고 있으며, 상체의 활기찬 팔 동작을 통해 동적이며 활동적인 춤사위를 극대화하여 경외감과 장엄함을 보여주는 춤사위 동작들로 구성되어 있음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 불교의식에서 연행되는 작법무는 종교적 수행의 행위임과 동시에 종교 이념의 상징화와 구현을 위해 정적·동적인 춤사위 요소를 조화롭고 균형감 있게 구성한 종교 무용이라 하겠다.

The objective of this study was to examine the steps and moves of Jakbeop Dance, performed in Sangjugwongongjae, one of Buddhist ceremonies, focusing on the organization procedure and content of Sangjugwongongjae ceremony, the kinds of Jakbeop Dance, and the dancing steps of Jakbeop Dance. Study findings are as follows:
First, Sangjugwongongjae ceremony consisted of such 7 procedures as siryeon, daeryeong, gwanyok, sinjungdan, sangdangwongong, gwaneumsisik and bongsong. Among these procedures, Jakbeop Dance was performed in such 4 procedures as siryeon, daeryeong, gwanyok and sinjungdan as the form of Nabi-Jakbeop Dance, Bara-Jakbeop Dance and Beopgo-Jakbeop Dance.
Second, regarding the kinds of Jakbeop Dance used according to the procedures: (1) In the first procedure of ‘siryeon’, Yojab Bara-Jakbeop Dance is performed in the scene of ‘onghoge’; Dage Nabi-Jakbeop Dance, Makbara-Jakbeop Dance and Sabangyosin Nabi-Jakbeop Dance are performed in the scene of ‘dage’; and Gwigyeong Nabi-Jakbeop Dance, Sabangyosin Nabi-Jakbeop Dance, Yojap Bara-Jakbeop Dance and Beopgo-Jakbeop Dance are performed in the scene of ‘gwigyeong’. (2) In the third procedure of ‘gwanyok’, Gwanyokge Bara-Jakbeop Dance is performed in the scene of ‘gwanyokge’; and Uijaejineon Bara-Jakbeop Dance is performed in the scene of ‘hwauijaejineon’. (3) In the fourth procedure of ‘sinjungdan’, Yojab Bara-Jakbeop Dance is performed in the scenes of ‘onghoge’ and ‘dage’. (4) In the fifth procedure of ‘sangdangwongong’, Jeongrye Nabi-Jakbeop Dance is performed in the scene of ‘jeongrye’; Cheonsu Bara-Jakbeop Dance is performed in the scene of ‘cheonsu bara’; Doryangge Nabi-Jakbeop Dance, Sabangyosin Nabi-Jakbeop Dance, Yojab Bara-Jakbeop Dance and Beopgo-Jakbeop Dance are performed in the scene of ‘doryangge’; Dage Nabi-Jakbeop Dance and Yojab Bara-Jakbeop Dance are performed in the scene of ‘samnamtae’; Naerimge Bara-Jakbeop Dance is performed in the scene of ‘hyanghwacheong’; Dage Nabi-Jakbeop Dance is performed in the scene of ‘yokgeonmannara’; Yojab Bara-Jakbeop Dance, Sabangyosin Nabi-Jakbeop Dance and Beopgo-Jakbeop Dance are performed in the scene of ‘dage’; Sadarani Bara-Jakbeop Dance is performed in the scene of ‘sadarani’; and Unsimge Nabi-Jakbeop Dance, Yojab Bara-Jakbeop Dance and Sabangyosin Nabi-Jakbeop Dance are performed in the scene of ‘unsimge’.
Third, regarding the dancing steps of Nabi-Jakbeop Dance (‘Bulbo Dance’), upper body-based dancing steps consist of such 15 kinds as ‘the step of putting both hands together’, ‘the step of kicking out’, ‘the step of opening up both hands’, ‘the step of folding both hands’, ‘the step of ’beating’, ‘the step of spreading both arms and sitting’, ‘the step of standing and sitting diagonally’, ‘the step of kneeling down and sitting while looking straight ahead’, ‘the step of leaning back’, ‘the step of leaning forward’, ‘the step of beating upwards’, ‘the step of ggot-beating’, ‘the step of sitting face to face’, ‘the step of sitting with one''s back on other’s back’, and ‘the step of sitting crisscross’, whereas lower body-based dancing steps consist of such 5 kinds as ‘the step of kicking and going out’, ‘the step of 90-degree rotation’, ‘the step of knee bending’, ‘the step of knee stretching’, and ‘the step of sitting’.
Fourth, regarding the dancing steps of Bara-Jakbeop Dance (‘Beopbo Dance’), upper body-based dancing steps consist of such 11 kinds as ‘the step of bara-putting both hands together’, ‘the step of bara-lifting up’, ‘the step of bara-lowering’, ‘the step of lifting up hands one by one’, ‘the step of lifting up both hands’, ‘the step of bara-ringing’, ‘the step of striking both hands’, ‘the step of ringing overhead’, ‘the step of lowering from the head and ringing’, ‘the step of ringing on the ground’, and ‘the step of folding both hands and beating/pushing back’, whereas lower body-based dancing steps consist of such 2 kinds as ‘the step of bending/stretching knees and moving’, and ‘the step of rotating’.
Fifth, regarding the dancing steps of Beopgo-Jakbeop Dance (‘Seungbo Dance’), upper body-based dancing steps consist of such 12 kinds as ‘the step of gathering drumsticks’, ‘the step of sweeping rims and beating’, ‘the step of weaving hands’, ‘the step of stroking’, ‘the step of smiting both hands’, ‘the step of inserting drumsticks’, ‘the step of beating left and right’, ‘the step of catching breath’, ‘the step of winding drumsticks around neck’, ‘the step of leaning back and spinning on a rim’, and ‘the step of jeong-beating’, and ‘the step of wrapping-up’, whereas lower body-based dancing steps consist of such 9 kinds as ‘the step of moving at a rapid pace’, ‘the step of lifting up both heels’, ‘the step of putting feet together’, ‘the step of rotating’, ‘the step of lifting up a heel’, ‘the step of lifting up a foot’, ‘the step of lifting up knees’, ‘the step of bending knees and rotating’, and ‘the step of spinning’.
From this study’s analysis on the moves of Jakbeop Dance performed in Buddhist ceremonies, the author understood the Jakbeop Dance of Sangjugwongongjae ceremony symbolized and realized the religious ideology and meaning of Buddhism through the means of dancing steps and moves. In addition, Jakbeop Dance maximized static dancing steps through the moderation of physical movements, thus expressing piety and politeness, and maximized dynamic and active dancing steps through the vigorous movements of arms, thus presenting a feeling of awe and solemnity. In this vein, Jakbeop Dance, which is performed in Buddhist ceremonies, seems to be an act of performing religious rituals and duties as well as a religious dance of which static/dynamic dancing steps are composed in a harmonious and balanced manner, thus realizing the symbolization and realization of religious ideology.