최근 외모에 대한 관심이 경쟁력, 권력, 자본이라 할 정도로 중요하게 인식되고 있는 가운데 헤어 미용에서 사용되는 퍼머넌트웨이브(permanentwave)는 비용이 적게 들면서 빠르게 이미지를 변화시킬 수 있다는 장점이 있어 일반화 및 보편화되어 있다. 그러나 장기간에 걸쳐 반복적 시술은 물리·화학적 모발 손상을 초래한다는 문제점이 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 정상모를 1회 염색한 모발에 전 처리제로 폴리펩타이드 처리 후 환원제로 치오글리콜레이트(에탄올아민과 암모늄), 산화제로 과산화수소를 사용하여 디지털 퍼머넌트웨이브와 매직 스트레이트를 시술하고 후 처리제로 헤어 클리닉을 처리하여 모발 굵기, 보습력, 인장강도, 아미노산 총량 및 잔량과 모발의 형태학적 변화를 관찰 및 분석하였고, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 모발 굵기는 정상모(VH)가 83.25 ± 1.18 ㎛이었고, 염색모(DH)는 81.70 ± 3.19 ㎛로 VH보다 1.86 %가 가늘었으며, 유의미한 차이는 없었다(p<0.001). 디지털 퍼머넌트웨이브 시술 시에 폴리펩타이드 전 처리 후에 치오글리콜레이트 에탄올아민으로 시술한 모발(PreT?DET, 83.49 ± 2.81㎛)과 헤어클리닉 후 처리한 모발(DET?PostT, 83.77 ± 2.15 ㎛)은 VH, DH, 치오글리콜레이트 에탄올아민 처리한 모발(DET, 77.07 ± 1.58 ㎛)보다 굵었다. 폴리펩타이드 전 처리 후에 치오글리콜레이트 암모늄으로 시술한 모발(PreT?DAT, 81.82 ± 2.18 ㎛)과 헤어클리닉 후 처리한 모발(DAT? PostT, 82.07 ± 2.97 ㎛)은 DH, DAT보다 굵었다. 환원제에 첨가된 알칼리제를 비교하였을 때, 암모늄이 에탄올아민보다 굵었고, 전?후 처리시에는 에탄올아민이 암모늄보다 굵은 것으로 나타났다. 매직 스트레이트 시술 시에 폴리펩타이드 전 처리 후에 치오글리콜레이트 에탄올아민으로 시술한 모발(PreT?MET, 78.82 ± 1.83 ㎛)과 헤어클리닉 후 처리한 모발(MET?PostT, 78.76 ± 2.71 ㎛)은 VH, DH, 치오글리콜레이트 에탄올아민 처리한 모발(MTE, 78.53 ± 2.15 ㎛)과 비슷했다. 폴리펩타이드 전 처리 후에 치오글리콜레이트 암모늄으로 시술한 모발(PreT?MAT, 78.87 ± 1.88 ㎛)과 헤어클리닉 후 처리한 모발(MAT? PostT, 78.92 ± 2.14 ㎛)은 DH, MTA과 비슷했다. 환원제에 첨가된 알칼리제를 비교하였을 때, 암모늄이 에탄올아민보다 굵었고, 전?후 처리시에 는 에탄올아민이 암모늄보다 굵은 것으로 나타났다. 2. 모발 보습력은 정상모가 85.03 ± 0.22 %이었고, 염색모는 77.53 ± 0.32 %로 정상모보다 8.81 %가 유의미하게 낮았다(p<0.001). 디지털 퍼머넌트웨이브 시술 시에 폴리펩타이드 전 처리 후에 치오글리콜레이트 에탄올아민으로 시술한 모발(PreT?DET, 67.33 ± 0.40 %)과 헤어클리닉 후 처리한 모발(DET?PostT, 70.11 ± 0.25 %)은 VH, DH, 치오글리콜레이트 에탄올아민 처리한 모발(DET, 54.19 ± 0.15 %)보다 높았다. 폴리펩타이드 전 처리 후에 치오글리콜레이트 암모늄으로 시술한 모발(PreT?DAT, 63.40 ± 0.22 %)과 헤어클리닉 후 처리한 모발(DAT?PostT, 64.29 ± 0.28 %)은 DH, DAT보다 높았다. 환원제에 첨가된 알칼리제를 비교하였을 때, 암모늄이 에탄올아민보다 높았고, 전?후 처리시에는 에탄올아민이 암모늄보다 높은 것으로 나타났다. 매직 스트레이트 시술 시에 폴리펩타이드 전 처리 후에 치오글리콜레이트 에탄올아민으로 시술한 모발(PreT?MET, 59.11 ± 0.24 %)과 헤어클리닉 후 처리한 모발(MET?PostT, 59.03 ± 0.28 %)은 VH, DH, 치오글리콜레이트 에탄올아민 처리한 모발(MTE, 58.97 ± 0.18 %)과 비슷했다. 폴리펩타이드 전 처리 후에 치오글리콜레이트 암모늄으로 시술한 모발(PreT?MAT, 60.33 ± 0.35 %)과 헤어클리닉 후 처리한 모발(MAT?PostT, 0.70 ± 0.34 %)은 DH, MTA과 비슷했다. 환원제에 첨가된 알칼리제를 비교하였을 때, 암모늄이 에탄올아민보다 높았고, 전?후 처리시에는 에탄올아민이 암모늄보다 높은 것으로 나타났다. 3. 모발 인장강도는 정상모가 159.22 ± 7.46 gf/㎟이었고, 염색모는 141.15 ± 10.13 gf/㎟로 정상모보다 11.35 %가 유의미하게 낮았다(p<0.001).디지털 퍼머넌트웨이브 시술 시에 폴리펩타이드 전 처리 후에 치오글리콜레이트 에탄올아민으로 시술한 모발(PreT?DET, 157.13 ± 7.64 gf/㎟) 과 헤어클리닉 후 처리한 모발(DET?PostT, 160.90 ± 5.78 gf/㎟)은 VH, DH, 치오글리콜레이트 에탄올아민 처리한 모발(DET, 103.96 ± 7.13 gf/㎟)보다 높았다. 폴리펩타이드 전 처리 후에 치오글리콜레이트 암모늄으로 시술한 모발(PreT?DAT, 130.24 ± 10.16 gf/㎟)과 헤어클리닉 후 처리한 모발(DAT?PostT, 132.20 ± 5.94 gf/㎟)은 DH, DAT보다 높았다. 환원제에 첨가된 알칼리제를 비교하였을 때, 암모늄이 에탄올아민보다 높았고, 전?후 처리 시 에탄올아민이 암모늄보다 높은 것으로 나타났다. 매직 스트레이트 시술 시 폴리펩타이드 전 처리 후에 치오글리콜레이트 에탄올아민으로 시술한 모발(PreT?MET, 114.96 ± 9.29 gf/㎟)과 헤어클리닉 후 처리한 모발(MET?PostT, 111.38 ± 6.80 gf/㎟)은 VH, DH, 치오글리콜레이트 에탄올아민 처리한 모발(MTE, 110.83 ± 9.88 gf/㎟)과 비슷했다. 폴리펩타이드 전 처리 후에 치오글리콜레이트 암모늄으로 시술한 모발(PreT?MAT, 115.26 ± 6.73 gf/㎟)과 헤어클리닉 후 처리한 모발(MAT?PostT, 114.74 ± 8.10 gf/㎟)은 DH, MTA과 비슷했다. 환원제에 첨가된 알칼리제를 비교하였을 때, 암모늄이 에탄올아민보다 굵었고, 전?후 처리 시 에탄올아민이 암모늄보다 높은 것으로 나타났다. 4. 모발 아미노산 및 총량은 정상모가 928.534㎎/g이었고, 염색모는 900.888 ㎎/g로 정상모보다 3.07 %가 감소하였다. 디지털 퍼머넌트웨이브 시술 시 환원제로 치오글리콜레이트 에탄올아민(832.641㎎/g)보다 치오글리콜레이트 암모늄(847.011㎎/g)을 사용한 모발이 높았다. 전 처리와 후 처리에서 치오글리콜레이트 에탄올아민(938.909㎎/g, 953.829㎎/g)이 치오글리콜레이트 암모늄(895.570㎎/g, 895.696㎎/g)보다 높았다. 디지털 퍼머넌트웨이브 시술 시 무 처리와 전 처리 후 처리를 비교하였을 때, 무 처리보다 전 처리 후 처리가 높았다. 매직 스트레이트 시술 시 치오글리콜레이트 에탄올아민(834.037㎎/g)과 치오글리콜레이트 암모늄(846.319㎎/g)은 암모늄이 높았다. 전 처리와 후 처리에서 치오글리콜레이트 에탄올아민(840.199㎎/g, 843.163㎎/g)이 치오글리콜레이트 암모늄(855.916㎎/g, 855.429㎎/g)과 후 처리에서 높았다. 매직 스트레이트 시술 시 무 처리와 전 처리 후 처리를 비교하였을 때, 차이가 없었다. 디지털 퍼머넌트웨이브 시술 시 환원제로 치오글리콜레이트 에탄올아민(832.641 ㎎/g)보다 치오글리콜레이트 암모늄(847.011 ㎎/g)을 사용한 모발이 낮았다. 전 처리와 후 처리에서 치오글리콜레이트 에탄올아민 (938.909 ㎎/g, 953.829 ㎎/g)이 치오글리콜레이트 암모늄(895.570 ㎎/g, 895.696 ㎎/g)보다 높았다. 매직 스트레이트 시술시 치오글리콜레이트 에탄올아민(834.037 ㎎/g)과 치오글리콜레이트 암모늄(846.319 ㎎/g)은 비슷하였고, 디지털 퍼머넌트웨이브 시술 시 치오글리콜레이트 에탄올아민과 치오글리콜레이트 암모늄 처리는 매직 스트레이트 시술시보다 모발이 낮았으며, 처리방법에 따른 효과는 미비하였다. 디지털 퍼머넌트웨이브 시술시 환원제로 치오글리콜레이트 에탄올아민과 치오글리콜레이트 암모늄을 사용한 모발 인장강도의 차이가 경미하게 있었다. 전 처리와 후 처리시에 치오글리콜레이트 에탄올아민이 치오글리콜레이트 암모늄보다 높았고, 전처리와 후 처리는 무 처리보다 치오글리콜레이트 알칼리제에 관계없이 유의미하게 높았다. 5. 모발의 투과전자현미경 관찰 결과는, 디지털 퍼머넌트웨이브 시술 시 매직 스트레이트보다 엔도큐티클과 미세섬유기질의 차이의 전자밀도가 더 뚜렷하게 확인되었으며, 알칼리제 종류에 따라 차이는 미비하였고, 처리방법에 따른 전 처리는 엔도큐티클과 미세섬유기질의 전자밀도에 도움을 주었으며, 후 처리는 외부 손상방지에 도움을 주었다. 종합하면, 매직 스트레이트 시술은 디지털 퍼머넌트웨이브 시술보다 모발 굵기는 경미하게 두꺼웠고, 보습력과 인장강도, 총 아미노산량이 약간 높았다. 그러나 디지털 퍼머넌트웨이브 시술 시 전 처리 후 처리에서 는 치오글리콜레이트 에탄올아민과 치오글리콜레이트 암모늄은 모발 손상보호 효과가 우수하였고, 환원제를 비교하였을 때, 모발손상 보호 효과는 치오글리콜레이트 에탄올아민이 치오글리콜레이트 암모늄보다 더 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 미용 산업 현장에서 필요에 따라 적절한 처리를 할 수 있는 실 질적인 기초적 자료로 사용될 수 있을 것이라 사료된다.
According to report by Euromoniter in 2018, global cosmetic industry has been turned into large growing trend by 5.2 % (which was in 2017s), compared to last year, and the scale is nearly 4,648 hundred million dollar. Like this, individual appearance is considered as one of the main factor of competences, and using of hair-styling appliance when performing perm, dyeing, chemical treatment is also considered as a way to represent individuality and esthetic element to express various mood. Chemical treatment eventually cause crumbliness of hair or even cause deadly harmness to hair. And when the use of chemical product like hairdye or perming procuct is careless, it also cause a severe hair MAT?PostTge. Curly hair can be straighten by chemical or thermal method which is called ‘magic-straight’ and in contrary, straight hair is permanent waved in order to get into curly hair. It is called two step perm. And softening process includes procedure like softening hair and then winding it with moist hair condition by reductant, or straighten hair with moistless hair condition. After that, by using counteractive masicstraight is finally performed. On permanent wave system, thioglycolic acid (which is alkaline reductant) and cysteine are utilized. Both ingredients truncate the bond of hair by reducing process, and by adding alkaline ingredient(which is to swell the hair) it can enhance the PH of hair so that the hair can be swelled, and also catalyze the reactivity. And the alkaline reductants that mainly used in straighter are ammonia and monoethanolamine. In general, PPT(polypeptide, which is pretreatment drug) is resolvent of soluable protein and the effect is depend on size of the molecule. And the items of HCP(hairclinic), usually used in salon, are consisted of lamellar gel. And Emulsion is used to improve feature like elasticity or softness of hair. In the previous stdies, the studies related to MAT?PostTge of hair or the effort to figure out the cause of MAT?PostTfe of hair are largely have been progressed, but the studies about pre/post- processing caused by treatment are insignificant. In this study, I tried to focus on finding and presenting a solution to perform an adequate treatment depends on salon`s needs by the process of cleaning hair one time on treated healthy hair, colored hair and handled hair and then to find out the reasons of thickness of hair, tensile strength, total amount of amino acid and remained amino acid, histological MAT?PostTge. The study`s result is below. 1. The thickness of hair is declined after dyeing, The effect of treatment was marginal when doing magicstraight treatment, The effect of digital treatment was great. And the pre/post effect of using of ‘Ethanolamine Thioglycolate’ was more great. 2. The moisture level of hair was declined after dyeing, and the effect of treatment method like masicstraight treatment was marginal, but digitalpermanent treatment was great. And Ethanolamine Thioglycolate, the main ingredient`s was great as a pre/post effect. 3. Tensile strength of hair was declined when dyeing, and treatment method`s effect was marginal, and digital permanent wave treatment was effective. And ‘Ethanolamine Thioglycolate the main ingredient was great as a pre/post effect). 4. The total/remain amount amino-acid was declined when dyeing, treatment method like magic-straight treatment was marginal, digital-permanent treatment was effective. And Ethanolamine Thioglycolate, the main ingredient was also great as a pre/post effect. 5. The result of ultrathin sectioning on hair is that, the difference depends on main ingredients was not obvious, but when it comes to variation caused by the treatment- method or process, the result was obvious. MTE, MTA(none-treatment group), PreT?MET, PreT?MAT (pre-treatment group), MET?PostT, MAT?PostT(Post-treatment group), (classified depends on the whether the magic-straight was uesd or not) didn`t make any difference. But, as classified by the digital-permanent was used or not, the DET, DAT (none-treatment group) didn`t make any difference but in DET+PreT, DET?PostT, PreT?DAT, DAT?PostT (pre-treatment group), I could find that in the field of ‘Inter Microfibrillar matrix’, the the density of electron has been very high. As a result of analyzing the outcome of experiment, the study on pre/post-treatment group that classified by the magic-straight treatment indicate that the magic-straight treatment method is has a low influence on the MAT?PostTge of hair, thickness, tensile strength, moisture, total/remain amino acid, cuticle, coltex. But in contrary, when it comes to digital-permanent wave treatment, it was effective on both pre/post group, and as regard ‘Ethanolamine Thioglycolate ingredient’ it was more effective than the effect of ‘Ammonium Thioglycolate ingredient’. So as I mentioned above, I concluded that these contents of study could be offered as a reliable and trustful contents to those of peoples in the salon field in order to conform a proper treatment.
목 차ABBREVIATIONS ······························································································ⅲLIST OF FIGURES ····························································································ⅳLIST OF TABLES ·····························································································ⅵⅠ. 서론 ···············································································································11. 연구의 배경 및 목적 ···················································································1Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 ·····························································································51. 모발의 구조 ···································································································52. 디지털 퍼머넌트웨이브와 매직 스트레이트의 원리 ·····························83. 환원제와 산화제의 역할 ···········································································104. 전 처리제와 후 처리제의 성분 및 역할 ···············································145. 선행연구 분석 ·····························································································15Ⅲ. 재료 및 방법 ························································································181. 재료 및 기기 ·······························································································181) 시약 및 재료 ··························································································182) 기기 ··········································································································192. 방법 ···············································································································191) 시료의 제작 ····························································································192) 시료의 분류 ····························································································203) 염색 방법 ································································································214) PPT 전 처리 방법 ················································································215) 디지털 퍼머넌트웨이브 시술 ······························································226) 매직 스트레이트 시술 ··········································································227) 헤어클리닉 후 처리 방법 ····································································238) 모발의 굵기 측정 ··················································································249) 모발의 보습력 측정 ··············································································2410) 모발의 인장강도 측정 ········································································2511) 모발의 아미노산 분석 ········································································2512) 투과전자현미경(TEM)을 이용한 모표피와 모피질의 형태학적 관찰 ··263. 통계처리 및 자료 분석 ·············································································27Ⅳ. 결과 및 고찰 ························································································281. 모발의 굵기의 변화 ···················································································282. 모발의 보습력의 변화 ···············································································333. 모발의 인장강도 변화·················································································374. 아미노산의 변화··························································································425. 투과전자현미경(TEM)을 이용한 모표피 및 모피질의 형태학적 변화 ····511) 모표피(cuticle) ························································································512) 모피질(cortex) ························································································55Ⅴ. 결론 ·············································································································59참고문헌 ············································································································61ABSTRACT ··································································································68감사의 글