Purpose: This study is a descriptive survey study to investigate the influence of the propensity for dispositional optimism and food-related lifestyle on health promotion behaviors in first middle-aged stroke patients. Methodes: This study covers middle-aged patients under the age of 40 to 65 years old who were admitted to P city general hospital after the onset of hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke. This study was conducted from February 15, 2020 to March 28, 2020. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data to measure dispositional optimism, food-related lifestyles, and health promotion behavior. The data were analyzed by SPSS/MIN 23.0 program and analyzed with descriptive statistics, frequency, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson''s correlation coefficients and multiple regression. Results: The mean scores were 3.49±0.55 for dispositional optimism. Food-related lifestyle, in the order of highest to lowest, were stable type, health type, foodie type, economic type, challenge type and convenience type. Health promotion behaviors, in the order of highest to lowest, were spiritual standing, human relationship, nutrition, stress management, physical activity and health responsibility. The dispositional optimism had significant correlation with the health promotion behavior. Multiple regression analysis was performed to identify the factors affecting the respondents health promotion behavior; as a result, health type (β=0.27) had the greatest effects on health promotion behavior, in positive awareness and coping with life (β=0.18), foodie type (β=0.16), positive expectation for life (β=0.15), stable type (β=0.14) and nutrients supplement (β=0.10). Conclusions: Through above stated results, it was identified that dispositional optimism and food-related lifestyles to have direct influence health promotion behavior, and it is believed that the nurse will have to seek various ways through this to improve stroke patients'' to dispositional optimism and food-related lifestyle.