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학술연구/단체지원/교육 등 연구자 활동을 지속하도록 DBpia가 지원하고 있어요.
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초록· 키워드
오류제보하기
본 연구의 목적은 코로나19 시대에 화상통화 방식으로 실시한 마음챙
김 기반 인지치료(MBCT) 프로그램이 중국유학생의 문화적응 스트레스
및 우울에 미치는 효과를 검증하였다. 이를 위해 Segal, Williams와
Teasdale(2002)의 마음챙김 기반 인지치료(MBCT) 프로그램을 사용하였다.
프로그램은 사전-사후 회기를 포함하여 총 8회기로 구성되었으며, 매
주 2회, 회기 당 90분으로 진행되었다. 연구 참여자는 부산광역시에 위치
한 D대학교의 중국유학생 전체 363명 중에서 자발적으로 신청을 받아
무선표집으로 30명을 선정해 15명을 실험집단, 다른 15명을 통제집단으
로 무선할당하였다. 그중 각각 3명이 탈락되어 최종적으로 총 24명이 연
구에 참여하였다. 실험집단은 마음챙김 기반 인지치료 프로그램을 실시
하였다. 그리고 화상통화 프로그램은 15명의 집단원을 초대하여 동시에
실시간으로 진행되었다. 프로그램을 실시하기 전 문화적응 스트레스 척도와
우울 척도를 작성하였고, 프로그램이 종료된 후 사후 검사를 실시
하여 프로그램 효과를 검증하였다. 두 집단 간 동질성 검증은 각 종속
변인의 사전점수를 t 검정으로 분석하였다. 연구문제 검증을 위해 실험
집단과 통제집단의 사전점수를 공변인으로 하여 사후점수를 비교하는 반
복측정 분산분석(RMANOVA)을 실시하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다.
첫째, MBCT 프로그램에 참여한 중국유학생은 통제집단에 비해 문화
적응 스트레스가 유의하게 감소했고, 추수에도 그 효과가 지속되었다. 그
리고 문화적응 스트레스의 하위영역에서는 두려움，향수병, 기타 스트레
스(사회적 고립, 열등감, 불신, 의사소통)가 통제집단에 비해 유의하게 감
소했고, 추수에는 두려움과 향수병에서 그 효과가 지속되었다. 그러나,
기타 스트레스는 그 효과가 지속되지 않았다. 그리고 실험집단 중국유학
생들은 MBCT 프로그램에 참가한 후 지각된 적대감, 지각된 차별감 및
문화적 충격이 유의하게 감소하였다. 그러나 MBCT 프로그램이 중국유
학생의 죄책감에 대한 효과는 확인되지 않았다.
둘째, MBCT 프로그램에 참여한 중국유학생은 통제집단에 비해 우울
이 유의하게 감소했고, 추수에도 그 효과가 지속되었다. 그리고 우울의
하위영역에서는 인지적 요인 및 신체-정신적 요인이 유의하게 감소했고,
추수에도 그 효과가 지속되었다.
마지막으로, 양적분석의 한계를 보완하기 위해 소감문을 질적 분석한
결과, MBCT 프로그램에 참여한 집단원은 문화적응 스트레스와 우울이
감소하는 경험을 했고, 지금 이 순간에 집중하고 주변 일을 잘 느끼게
되어 삶이 행복해졌으며, 부정적 정서를 잘 수용하고 정서 조절 능력이
향상되었다고 보고하였다.
본 연구 결과, 화상통화 방식으로 진행된 MBCT 프로그램은 중국유학
생의 문화적응 스트레스와 우울을 감소시키는데 효과적임을 확인하였다.
그리고 코로나19 시대에 화상통화 방식으로 진행된 MBCT 프로그램은
유학생의 정신건강을 증진시키는 프로그램으로 유용하게 활용될 수 있을
것으로 생각된다.
김 기반 인지치료(MBCT) 프로그램이 중국유학생의 문화적응 스트레스
및 우울에 미치는 효과를 검증하였다. 이를 위해 Segal, Williams와
Teasdale(2002)의 마음챙김 기반 인지치료(MBCT) 프로그램을 사용하였다.
프로그램은 사전-사후 회기를 포함하여 총 8회기로 구성되었으며, 매
주 2회, 회기 당 90분으로 진행되었다. 연구 참여자는 부산광역시에 위치
한 D대학교의 중국유학생 전체 363명 중에서 자발적으로 신청을 받아
무선표집으로 30명을 선정해 15명을 실험집단, 다른 15명을 통제집단으
로 무선할당하였다. 그중 각각 3명이 탈락되어 최종적으로 총 24명이 연
구에 참여하였다. 실험집단은 마음챙김 기반 인지치료 프로그램을 실시
하였다. 그리고 화상통화 프로그램은 15명의 집단원을 초대하여 동시에
실시간으로 진행되었다. 프로그램을 실시하기 전 문화적응 스트레스 척도와
우울 척도를 작성하였고, 프로그램이 종료된 후 사후 검사를 실시
하여 프로그램 효과를 검증하였다. 두 집단 간 동질성 검증은 각 종속
변인의 사전점수를 t 검정으로 분석하였다. 연구문제 검증을 위해 실험
집단과 통제집단의 사전점수를 공변인으로 하여 사후점수를 비교하는 반
복측정 분산분석(RMANOVA)을 실시하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다.
첫째, MBCT 프로그램에 참여한 중국유학생은 통제집단에 비해 문화
적응 스트레스가 유의하게 감소했고, 추수에도 그 효과가 지속되었다. 그
리고 문화적응 스트레스의 하위영역에서는 두려움，향수병, 기타 스트레
스(사회적 고립, 열등감, 불신, 의사소통)가 통제집단에 비해 유의하게 감
소했고, 추수에는 두려움과 향수병에서 그 효과가 지속되었다. 그러나,
기타 스트레스는 그 효과가 지속되지 않았다. 그리고 실험집단 중국유학
생들은 MBCT 프로그램에 참가한 후 지각된 적대감, 지각된 차별감 및
문화적 충격이 유의하게 감소하였다. 그러나 MBCT 프로그램이 중국유
학생의 죄책감에 대한 효과는 확인되지 않았다.
둘째, MBCT 프로그램에 참여한 중국유학생은 통제집단에 비해 우울
이 유의하게 감소했고, 추수에도 그 효과가 지속되었다. 그리고 우울의
하위영역에서는 인지적 요인 및 신체-정신적 요인이 유의하게 감소했고,
추수에도 그 효과가 지속되었다.
마지막으로, 양적분석의 한계를 보완하기 위해 소감문을 질적 분석한
결과, MBCT 프로그램에 참여한 집단원은 문화적응 스트레스와 우울이
감소하는 경험을 했고, 지금 이 순간에 집중하고 주변 일을 잘 느끼게
되어 삶이 행복해졌으며, 부정적 정서를 잘 수용하고 정서 조절 능력이
향상되었다고 보고하였다.
본 연구 결과, 화상통화 방식으로 진행된 MBCT 프로그램은 중국유학
생의 문화적응 스트레스와 우울을 감소시키는데 효과적임을 확인하였다.
그리고 코로나19 시대에 화상통화 방식으로 진행된 MBCT 프로그램은
유학생의 정신건강을 증진시키는 프로그램으로 유용하게 활용될 수 있을
것으로 생각된다.
목차
Ⅰ. 서 론···············································································································11. 연구의 필요성 및 목적············································································12. 연구가설 ····································································································113. 용어의 정의······························································································11가. 중국유학생 ··························································································11나. 문화적응 스트레스············································································12다. 우울······································································································12라. 마음챙김 ······························································································12마. 마음챙김 기반 인지치료 프로그램 ················································13바. 코로나19 ······························································································13사. 화상통화 ······························································································14Ⅱ. 이론적 배경································································································151. 중국유학생 ······························································································152. 중국유학생 관련 변인············································································16가. 문화적응 스트레스············································································16나. 우울······································································································183. 마음챙김 기반 인지치료 프로그램 ······················································20Ⅲ. 연구방법······································································································261. 연구대상 및 연구절차 ············································································262. 실험설계 ····································································································273. 측정도구 ····································································································27가. 문화적응 스트레스 척도··································································27나. 우울 척도····························································································29다. 마음챙김 기반 인지치료 프로그램 ················································304. 연구절차 ····································································································335. 자료 처리 및 분석 ··················································································36Ⅳ. 연구결과······································································································371. 양적 분석··································································································372. 내용 분석··································································································51Ⅴ. 논의 및 제한점·························································································571. 논의············································································································572. 제한점 및 제언························································································60참고문헌·········································································································63부록 ·················································································································74부록 1. 한국어 척도 설문지··································································74부록 2. MBCT 프로그램 수첩(한국어) ·············································· 83부록 3. 중국어 척도 설문지································································123부록 4. MBCT 프로그램 수첩(중국어) ············································ 132ABSTRACT ·······························································································167
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