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초록· 키워드
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During the Depression in the 1930s the cotton industry in China suffered a lot. Both the enterprisers and the Nationalist government agreed to rejuvenate the key industry in China, the cotton industry from the depression. Both sides, however, disagreed on the other matters such as the causes of the depression in this industry and its solutions. The owners who were charging of this industry, on the one hand, insisted that the taxes and customs along with the lack of finance kept the Chinese cotton industries in the swamp of the depression. Therefore, they were convinced that the government should provide administrative supports including the revision of taxes and customs, and financial help.
The Nationalist government, on the other hand, attributed the underdevelopment of this industry in China to mainly internal problems such as worn-out machines, out-dated accounting system, mis-management as well as ill-coordination within the industry. In this light, the government gave little weight to lightening of tax burdens and executing protective tariff which were prescribed by the private sector. The demands of capitalists could not persuade the decision-makers in the government.
The government favoured a controlled-economy in which the industry was to be controlled with direction toward the rationalization and co-ordination within the industry. That is, this meant the stepping-up of the governmental intervention and the increasing vulnerability of the private management.
However, it was not easy for the government being in short of financial resource to force the cotton industry into under control with a few successful attempt in the sphere of agriculture. Despite of the committment to the controlling of the economy, the government would not take any administrative measure in order to relieving the stagnation of the cotton industry. As the depression deepened, in the end, there was no alternative for the cotton industrialists but to accept the intervention of the government into the private sector, which was to be a strong foothold for the government to excise the power in the later stage. This basic framework of the control policy of the cotton industry evolved during the period of the anti-Japan campaign into all the more active intervention of the government in economy: concentrating economic resources and nationalizing many enterprises in the anti-Japan war period and after.
The Nationalist government, on the other hand, attributed the underdevelopment of this industry in China to mainly internal problems such as worn-out machines, out-dated accounting system, mis-management as well as ill-coordination within the industry. In this light, the government gave little weight to lightening of tax burdens and executing protective tariff which were prescribed by the private sector. The demands of capitalists could not persuade the decision-makers in the government.
The government favoured a controlled-economy in which the industry was to be controlled with direction toward the rationalization and co-ordination within the industry. That is, this meant the stepping-up of the governmental intervention and the increasing vulnerability of the private management.
However, it was not easy for the government being in short of financial resource to force the cotton industry into under control with a few successful attempt in the sphere of agriculture. Despite of the committment to the controlling of the economy, the government would not take any administrative measure in order to relieving the stagnation of the cotton industry. As the depression deepened, in the end, there was no alternative for the cotton industrialists but to accept the intervention of the government into the private sector, which was to be a strong foothold for the government to excise the power in the later stage. This basic framework of the control policy of the cotton industry evolved during the period of the anti-Japan campaign into all the more active intervention of the government in economy: concentrating economic resources and nationalizing many enterprises in the anti-Japan war period and after.
목차
머리말
1. 1930年代 危機의 棉紡織業
2. 棉紡織業 關聯者들
3. 棉業統制政策의 試圖와 限界
맺음말
Abstract
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