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This paper aims to make clear the establishment and the change of financial system on the Provincial Government in the Late Chosun Dynasty. Chosun government endeavored to enforce the centralizing system rebuilding the ruined society after two wars. One of these efforts was to fix the seat of provincial government. In the result, the goverment realized the fixation of provincial government with the enactment of Uniform Land Tax Law(大同法). Especially, Jeonra Government was fastest among three south provincial governments to fix the seat of oneself. Because Jeonra province possessed the richest funds in the contry. Also the central government apportioned the expenses(營需) to the provincial governments. Therefore, the provincial governments had to manage the finance within the limit of 1,350 seok(石).
But this establishment of financial system on the provincial government conceived the new problems. The most important problem originated from the characteristics of financial system made to attain self-sufficiency. Therefore, as the centralizing system developed more, the quantity of expenditure on the provincial government was more, in spite of the rule of central government. For instance, Jeonra Government adopted the grain loan system(Whan-gok system, 還穀制度) and utilized the interest of the grain loan as a supplement of it's revenue. Also though the quantity of tax was very little, it collected the commercial tax, namely the market tax(場稅), the inlet tax(浦口稅) and so on. So to speak, Jeonra Government managed the provincial finance on the ground of grain loan system, not of the compulsory labor and the tribute. Furthermore, this management caused a severely heavy burden of the peasants and the local government. The crisis of local finance in the last stage of chosun dynasty was related with the financial management of provincial government after all. Therefore, the central government had to reform the finance of provincial government with the national finance and the local finance.
But this establishment of financial system on the provincial government conceived the new problems. The most important problem originated from the characteristics of financial system made to attain self-sufficiency. Therefore, as the centralizing system developed more, the quantity of expenditure on the provincial government was more, in spite of the rule of central government. For instance, Jeonra Government adopted the grain loan system(Whan-gok system, 還穀制度) and utilized the interest of the grain loan as a supplement of it's revenue. Also though the quantity of tax was very little, it collected the commercial tax, namely the market tax(場稅), the inlet tax(浦口稅) and so on. So to speak, Jeonra Government managed the provincial finance on the ground of grain loan system, not of the compulsory labor and the tribute. Furthermore, this management caused a severely heavy burden of the peasants and the local government. The crisis of local finance in the last stage of chosun dynasty was related with the financial management of provincial government after all. Therefore, the central government had to reform the finance of provincial government with the national finance and the local finance.
목차
1. 序言
2. 監司久任 論爭과 財政問題
3. 大同法 施行과 財政體系의 成立
4. 財源의 構成과 그 變化
5. 結語
Abstract
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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2009-374-015493818