지원사업
학술연구/단체지원/교육 등 연구자 활동을 지속하도록 DBpia가 지원하고 있어요.
커뮤니티
연구자들이 자신의 연구와 전문성을 널리 알리고, 새로운 협력의 기회를 만들 수 있는 네트워킹 공간이에요.
초록· 키워드
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Practical development of technology, such as introduction of new medical techniques to the public which also widened the pool of diseases that could be treated, contributed to an elevation in medicine’s authority and status inside the society. But changes in the general population’s view upon the matter itself, also played a significant role. Such view was based upon a particular notion that the ‘era of science’ had finally arrived, in which all human aspects in people’s lives either spiritual or materialist were in fact based upon science. The concept of sanitation which was widely spreaded throughout the society during the colonial period also contributed to elevating the status of medical practices. The police came to forcefully implement sanitary measures, and the Joseon public had no choice but to accept and adapt to such measures, as those measures were implemented under the name of protection of life, and securement of a healthy population. Western medicine, which provided basis for such campaigns, continued to dominate the lives and customs of the Joseon population.
The Doctors Regulations proclaimed by the Joseon Governor General office in 1913 resulted in elevating the status of the medical doctors(who had usually been disdained by the scholars), as such rules and regulations dictated that only personnel equipped with a certain amount of knowledge and a certain level of qualification should serve as medical doctors. Along with the Doctors regulations, Sanitation rules were also proclaimed, and turned the traditional Joseon doctors(Han-euisa), who have been practicing traditional Joseon medicine, into mere low-level Euisaeng students who were required to study medicine from the start. Western medicine was certified by the authorities as the official system of medical knowledge and practices. The word ‘Medicine’ came to refer to only Western medicine and not Joseon medicine, and the word ‘Medical doctor’ came to refer to only medical personnel trained in Western medicine and not the Joseon doctors with traditional medical backgrounds.
Science and licenses elevated the status and authority of the doctors in terms of social perception and administrative management, while economic stability displayed by the lives of the doctors encouraged other people to pursue medical practices as a career. Their heightened status and authority were practically what ensured high income. In other words, compared to other people in different jobs, the medical doctors earned more money. Their high income state was not at all affected by the deterioration of the overall economic condition of the Joseon society. They came to enjoy an economic status that was only second to that of the landlords who had enjoyed economic prosperity for a long time. Their status and income were more stable than even those of the lawyers.
Yet, despite the elevation in authority and status, the Joseon doctors had to endure a certain level of discrimination in colonized Joseon. They were not allowed to participate in the decision-making process in which medical policies were settled. They were also discriminated, compared to the Japanese, in terms of enrollment in national or public hospitals. Yet, instead of actively resisting such racial discrimination perpetrated by the Japanese imperial authorities, the Joseon doctors chose to limit their duties to the task of enhancing the level of public sanitation or spreading medical knowledge and therefore contributing to the bettering of the Joseon people’s culture. The choices they made were also supported by the power in control of colonial ruling. Those doctors might have had genuine interest of the Joseon people in mind, yet the results were hardly in forms that could be interpreted as such.
The consumers of medical services who lived during the colonial period respected the doctors, but they also bore a certain amount of distrust. In some cases the doctors, contradictory to their traditional images of a healer, pursued commercial interests of their own by obtaining unjustified gains through asking the patients to pay overrated fees. Paying high prices was inevitable in consuming medical services. In order to be a medical doctor, one had to pay for expensive education, and a specific facility called hospitals were needed to be established for treating the patients. Yet the consumers were frequently overwhelmed by the fees that were asked by the doctor, as those fees were quite frankly beyond their payment capabilities.
The Doctors Regulations proclaimed by the Joseon Governor General office in 1913 resulted in elevating the status of the medical doctors(who had usually been disdained by the scholars), as such rules and regulations dictated that only personnel equipped with a certain amount of knowledge and a certain level of qualification should serve as medical doctors. Along with the Doctors regulations, Sanitation rules were also proclaimed, and turned the traditional Joseon doctors(Han-euisa), who have been practicing traditional Joseon medicine, into mere low-level Euisaeng students who were required to study medicine from the start. Western medicine was certified by the authorities as the official system of medical knowledge and practices. The word ‘Medicine’ came to refer to only Western medicine and not Joseon medicine, and the word ‘Medical doctor’ came to refer to only medical personnel trained in Western medicine and not the Joseon doctors with traditional medical backgrounds.
Science and licenses elevated the status and authority of the doctors in terms of social perception and administrative management, while economic stability displayed by the lives of the doctors encouraged other people to pursue medical practices as a career. Their heightened status and authority were practically what ensured high income. In other words, compared to other people in different jobs, the medical doctors earned more money. Their high income state was not at all affected by the deterioration of the overall economic condition of the Joseon society. They came to enjoy an economic status that was only second to that of the landlords who had enjoyed economic prosperity for a long time. Their status and income were more stable than even those of the lawyers.
Yet, despite the elevation in authority and status, the Joseon doctors had to endure a certain level of discrimination in colonized Joseon. They were not allowed to participate in the decision-making process in which medical policies were settled. They were also discriminated, compared to the Japanese, in terms of enrollment in national or public hospitals. Yet, instead of actively resisting such racial discrimination perpetrated by the Japanese imperial authorities, the Joseon doctors chose to limit their duties to the task of enhancing the level of public sanitation or spreading medical knowledge and therefore contributing to the bettering of the Joseon people’s culture. The choices they made were also supported by the power in control of colonial ruling. Those doctors might have had genuine interest of the Joseon people in mind, yet the results were hardly in forms that could be interpreted as such.
The consumers of medical services who lived during the colonial period respected the doctors, but they also bore a certain amount of distrust. In some cases the doctors, contradictory to their traditional images of a healer, pursued commercial interests of their own by obtaining unjustified gains through asking the patients to pay overrated fees. Paying high prices was inevitable in consuming medical services. In order to be a medical doctor, one had to pay for expensive education, and a specific facility called hospitals were needed to be established for treating the patients. Yet the consumers were frequently overwhelmed by the fees that were asked by the doctor, as those fees were quite frankly beyond their payment capabilities.
목차
머리말
1. 지위와 권위의 향상
2. 정체성의 형성
맺음말
Abstract
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