Program is a public good - that is, one with fixed costs and low marginal cost. Competitive advantage lies in reaching the largest audience for each program and in exposing the product in as many different markets as possible. For these public good characteristics of television programs, every nation tries to secure oversea markets for its additional windows and similar efforts are being made in Korea. Questions frequently asked in this current circumstance may be what kind of programs are better to be exported and to which country Korean programs are exported. Based upon those needs, this paper examines the determining factors of Korean terrestrial television program exports to foreign countries. Especially, this study examines 1) factors external to the program influencing export volume, 2) factors internal to the program determining whether or not a program is exported. International program flows are influenced by two kinds of different dimensional factors: Factors external to the program, and factors internal to the program. Regarding the external factors, some critical theorists have seen asymmetrical one way flow from U.S. to the rest of the world as part of a general effort of the American military industrial complex to subject the world to military control, electronic surveillance and homogenized American commercial culture. More recently, several scholars have argued for a microeconomic model in which one-way geographic flow emerge as natural consequences of firm and industry responses to the commercial incentives created by the divisions within a heterogeneous world audience for programs. On the while, some authors have presented middle-range approach for the international transfer of television programs which sees the flow as a process influenced by favorable regulatory climate for imported programs, political and financial support for imports programs, linguistically and culturally appropriate target audience, appropriate technology, etc. That is, international program flows are influenced by political, cultural, economic factors. This paper adopts middle-range approach for the analysis of sales volume for each country. Previous studies on the area have identified specific factors such as direct/indirect broadcasting regulation, population, GNP, number of national television sets, number of terrestrial TV channels, number of pay TV channels, total amount of TV advertising, VCR penetration, cable penetration, satellite TV penetration, geographical proximity, trading volume and population movement volume between two countries. On the other hand, investigated internal factors influenced the international program flows are rating of a program, the number of episode of a program, and the main topic dealing in a program. For the analysis of the first research question, this study adopts multiple regression analysis, and logistic analysis is adopted for the second research question. The result shows that a program with a higher rating is more likely to be sold to a country that has higher population exchange with Korea, and that has a smaller domestic market. From the result, we can deduce several implications. First, Korean program exports is more likely to be influenced by cultural factors rather than political or economic factors. Therefore, we can find some restrictions of microeconomic model in explaining program exports of peripheral countries. Maybe microeconomic model is suitable only to explain the program export of the U.S. that has the world’s largest domestic market as well as invest the largest amount of budget to program production. Secondly, we can cautiously conclude that broadcasting companies in Korea should compete each other for higher rating in a favorable sense, because program with a higher rating is more likely to export no matter how long it is, or what it deals with. Along with the effort to create more attractive programs, scientific programing strategy and marketing can help to raise competitive power of Korean programs.
AI 요약
연구주제
연구배경
연구방법
연구결과
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목차
Ⅰ. 문제제기 Ⅱ. 이론적 논의 Ⅲ. 연구 문제 및 분석모델 Ⅳ. 연구 방법 Ⅴ. 연구 결과 Ⅵ. 결론 참고 문헌 Abstract